安装yum Yum 慢到无法忍受？那是因为你没有这么做

1.使用Centos映像构建本地百胜源

由于安装centos后的默认百胜源是centos的官方地址，在国内使用比较慢甚至无法访问，所以一般做法是用阿里云的百胜源或者国内百胜源比如163来代替默认的百胜源(具体如何配置如下)。但是以上的方法都需要一个网络，没有网络的情况下无法使用，所以另一种常见的方法是用Centos的ISO映像构建一个本地的Yum源，这样软件的安装速度会比较快，但是缺点是有些包可能没有。

1.安装Centos后的默认Yum源如下

[root @ kang vcar ~]# ll/etc/yum . repa . d/

总计32

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1664 dec 92015 centos-base . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1309 dec 92015 centos-CR . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 649 dec 92015 centos-debuginfo . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 290 dec 92015 centos-fast track . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 630 dec 92015 centos-Media . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1331 dec 92015 centos-sources . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1952 dec 92015 centos-vault . repo

2.备份默认的百胜源(可选)

[root @ kang vcar ~]# mkdir/opt/centos-yum . bak

[root @ kang vcar ~]# mv/etc/yum . rep . d/*/opt/centos-yum . bak/

3.在虚拟机上装载中央操作系统映像文件

[root @ kang vcar ~]# mount-t iso 9660/dev/sr0/opt/centos

moun t:/dev/sr0是写保护的，只读安装

4.写入一个回购文件，并指向镜像的装载目录

[root @ kang vcar ~]# VI/etc/yum . repo . d/local . repo

[本地]

name=local

baseurl=file:///opt/centos

enabled= 1

gpgcheck= 0

5.清除缓存

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum clean all

加载的插件:快速镜像

清洁报告:本地

打扫卫生

清洁速度最快的镜子的上表面

[root @ kang vcar ~]# Yum make cache//在本地缓存Yum源，加快软件的搜索和安装

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum list//列出3780个包

第二，将默认的CentOS Yum源修改为国内的aliyun Yum源

阿里巴巴云官方教程:http://mirrors.aliyun.com/help/centos

1.安装Centos后的默认Yum源如下

[root @ kang vcar ~]# ll/etc/yum . repa . d/

总计32

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1664 dec 92015 centos-base . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1309 dec 92015 centos-CR . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 649 dec 92015 centos-debuginfo . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 290 dec 92015 centos-fast track . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 630 dec 92015 centos-Media . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1331 dec 92015 centos-sources . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1952 dec 92015 centos-vault . repo

2.备份默认的百胜源(可选)

[root @ kang vcar ~]# mkdir/opt/centos-yum . bak

[root @ kang vcar ~]# mv/etc/yum . rep . d/*/opt/centos-yum . bak/

3.下载阿里云Yum源码回购文件(根据自己的系统版本下载)

#各系统版本回购文件对应的下载操作

CentOS 5

wget-O/etc/yum . repo . d/CentOS-base . repo http://mirrors . aliyun . com/repo/Centos-5 . repo

CentOS 6

wget-O/etc/yum . repo . d/CentOS-base . repo http://mirrors . aliyun . com/repo/Centos-6 . repo

CentOS 7

wget-O/etc/yum . repo . d/CentOS-base . repo http://mirrors . aliyun . com/repo/Centos-7 . repo

[root @ kang vcar ~]# cat/etc/red hat-release//检查系统版本

CentOSLinuxrelease7.2.1511(核心)

[根@ kang vcar ~]# wget-O/etc/yum . repo . d/CentOS-base . repo http://mirrors . aliyun . com/repo/Centos-7 . repo

-2017-06-2006:43:08-http://mirrors . aliyun . com/repo/Centos-7 . repo

resolving mirrors . aliyun . com(mirrors . aliyun . com)...112.124.140.210 , 115.28.122.210

connecting mirrors . aliyun . com(mirrors . aliyun . com)| 112 . 124 . 140 . 210 |:80...连接。

HTTPrequestsent，awaitingresponse...200OK

长度:2573(2.5K)[应用/八位字节流]

saving to:'/etc/yum . repo . d/CentOS-base . repo '

100%[= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =]2, 573 - .-K/ sin0s

2017-06-2006:43:08(118 MB/s)-'/etc/yum . repo . d/CentOS-base . repo ' saved[2573/2573]

4.清除缓存

[根@kangvcar ~]# yum clean all

加载的插件:快速镜像

清理回购:基础额外更新

打扫卫生

清洁速度最快的镜子的上表面

[root @ kangvcar ~]# Yum make cache//在本地缓存Yum源码，加快软件的搜索和安装

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum list//共列出9954个套餐

第三，将默认CentOS Yum源修改为国内163源

163官方教程:http://mirrors.163.com/.help/centos.html

1.安装Centos后的默认Yum源如下

[鲁特@ kang vcar ~]# ll/etc/yum . repo . d/

总计32

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1664 dec 92015 centos-base . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1309 dec 92015 centos-CR . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 649 dec 92015 centos-debuginfo . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 290 dec 92015 centos-fast track . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 630 dec 92015 centos-Media . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1331 dec 92015 centos-sources . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 1952 dec 92015 centos-vault . repo

2.备份默认的百胜源(可选)

[root @ kang vcar ~]# mkdir/opt/centos-yum . bak

[root @ kang vcar ~]# mv/etc/yum . rep . d/*/opt/centos-yum . bak/

3.下载163 Yum源码回购文件

#各系统版本回购文件对应的下载操作

CentOS 5

http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS5-Base回购163

CentOS 6

http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base回购163

CentOS 7

http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base回购163

[root @ kang vcar ~]# cat/etc/red hat-release//检查系统版本

CentOSLinuxrelease7.2.1511(核心)

[root @ kang vcar ~]# wget-O/etc/yum . repo . d/Centos7-Base-163 . repo http://mirrors . 163 . com/。帮助/CentOS7-Base-163.repo

-2017-06-2006:29:47-http://mirrors . 163 . com/。帮助/CentOS7-Base-163.repo

Resolvingmirrors.163.com(镜像。163.com)...123.58.173.185 , 123.58.173.186

connecting mirrors . 163 . com(镜像。163.com)| 123.58.173.185| :80...连接。

HTTPrequestsent，awaitingresponse...200OK

长度:1572(1.5K)[应用/八位字节流]

saving to:'/etc/yum . repo . d/CentOS7-Base-163 . repo '

100%[= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =]1, 572 - .-K/ sin0s

2017-06-2006:29:47(293 MB/s)-'/etc/yum . repo . d/Centos7-Base-163 . repo '已保存[1572/1572]

4.清除缓存

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum clean all

加载的插件:快速镜像

清理回购:基础额外更新

打扫卫生

清洁速度最快的镜子的上表面

[root @ kang vcar ~]# Yum make cache//在本地缓存Yum源，加快软件的搜索和安装

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum list//共列出9951个包

第四，修改百胜源的优先级

当既有本地Yum源又有163源的时候，我们在安装软件包的时候当然是想用本地Yum源来安装软件，然后在本地没有包的时候用163源来安装软件，这就涉及到优先级的问题了。Yum提供的插件Yum-plugin-priorities.noarch可以解决这个问题。

1.检查系统是否安装了优先插件

[root @ kang vcar ~]# rpm-QA | grepyum-plugin-

yum-plugin-fastestmirror- 1.1。31- 34.el7.noarch

//我在这里看到插件yum-plugin-priorities.noarch没有安装

[root @ kang vcar ~]# yum search yum-plugin-priorities

//使用搜索查看该插件是否可用

加载的插件:快速镜像

从缓存的主机文件加载镜像速度

*基地:mirrors.aliyun. com

* extra s:mirrors.aliyun. com

*更新:mirrors.aliyun. com

= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = N/S匹配:yum-plugin-priorities = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =

yum-plugin-priorities . no arch:plugin to give priorities to package from不同的转帖

2.安装yum-plugin-priorities.noarch插件

[root @ kang vcar ~]# yum-y install yum-plugin-priorities . no arch

3.检查插件是否已启用

[root @ kang vcar ~]# cat/etc/yum/plugin cf . d/priorities . conf

[主要]

enabled = 1

//1已启用；0已禁用

4.修改本地Yum源，先使用

[root @ kang vcar ~]# ll/etc/yum . repa . d/

总计8

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 2573 may 152015 centos-base . repo

-rw-r - r -。1 root root 67 jun 2006:04 local . repo

//有两个回购文件

[root @ kang vcar ~]# VI/etc/yum . repo . d/local . repo

[本地]

name=local

baseurl=file: ///opt/centos

enabled= 1

gpgcheck= 0

优先级= 1

//在原优先级上增加priority = 1；数字越小，优先级越高

//可以继续修改其他来源的优先级值。测试后，只将本地源的优先级配置为priority=1，优先使用本地源。

5.测试

配置优先级前:(使用阿里巴巴云百胜源)

[根@kangvcar ~]# yum - yinstall vim

依赖性已解决

=================================================================================================================================================

软件包版本库大小

=================================================================================================================================================

安装g:

vim-增强型x86_64 2: 7.4。160- 1.el7_3。1更新1.0M

正在更新依赖项:

vim-普通x86_64 2: 7.4。160- 1.el7_3。1更新5.9M

省略...

配置优先级后:(使用本地Yum源)

[根@kangvcar ~]# yum - yinstall vim

依赖性已解决

=================================================================================================================================================

软件包版本库大小

=================================================================================================================================================

安装g:

vim-增强型x86_64 2: 7.4。160-1.17本地1.0M

正在为依赖项安装:

gpm-libs x86_64 1.20。7- 5.el7本地32k

perlx86_64 4: 5.16。3-286.17本地8.0M

perl-Carp no arch 1.26-244.17 local 19k

perl-Encode x86 _ 64 2.51-7.57本地1.5M

perl-Exporter no arch 5.68-3.el7 local 28k

本地26k

文件温度0.23。01- 3.el7本地56k

省略...

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