US President Donald Trump has ordered the release of 2,800 files on President John F Kennedy's assassination. But he blocked the release of other files, citing national security concerns.
美国总统特朗普已下令公开有关美国前总统肯尼迪遇刺的2800份档案。但他表示出于国家安全考虑,暂缓公开其他档案。
A 1992 law passed by Congress required all records related to the assassination - around five million pages - to be publicly disclosed in full within 25 years. The deadline was Thursday. More than 90% of the files were already in the public domain.
根据美国国会1992年通过的一项法案,有关遇刺案的所有档案需在25年内完全公开。10月26日是最后期限。超90%的档案已经公之于众。
The records are being released on the National Archives website.
这些档案在美国国家档案局网站上发布。
President Kennedy was shot dead on November 22, 1963 as he travelled through Dallas in an open-topped limousine.
1963年11月22日,美国前总统肯尼迪乘坐敞篷轿车经过达拉斯市时,被枪击身亡。
世纪谜团:震惊世界的总统刺杀案
肯尼迪乘车经过达拉斯埃尔姆大街时遭枪击身亡,成为美国历史上第四名遇刺身亡的总统。
Texas Governor John Connally, who was sitting in front of the president, was wounded. Police officer JD Tippit was killed shortly afterwards.
德克萨斯州州长约翰·康纳利身负重伤,当时他坐在总统座位前排。不久后,警察JD蒂皮特也遭枪击身亡。
疑似凶手李·哈维·奥斯瓦尔德被逮捕时,他不停高喊:“我没杀肯尼迪总统!我没有杀害任何人!我什么都不知道!”
Lee Harvey Oswald was arrested and charged with killing Kennedy and Tippit, but he denied this, saying he was "just a patsy".
李·哈维·奥斯瓦尔德被捕,被指控谋杀了肯尼迪和蒂皮特,但他否认了这些指控,称自己只是“替罪羊”。
On November 24, Oswald was shot dead in the basement of the Dallas police department by Jack Ruby, a local nightclub owner.
而在11月24日,奥斯瓦尔德在达拉斯警察局的地下室被一名当地夜总会老板杰克·鲁比枪击身亡。
更令人生疑的是,鲁比在4年后也离奇死亡了。鲁比生前曾说,如果去华盛顿,就说出真相。然而没开口,就死在了警局里。法医说死因是肺癌,但他曾宣称被下毒。
阴谋论:谁是凶手?谁是幕后主使?
肯尼迪遇刺后第二年,联邦政府负责调查案件的特别委员会公布了调查结果,认定奥斯瓦尔德从教科书仓库大楼6层的窗口向乘坐敞篷车正从楼下经过的总统开枪将其射杀,奥斯瓦尔德属于单独行刺,无关更大阴谋。这就是著名的《沃伦报告》。
The Warren Commission's report, published in September 1964, said that Lee Harvey Oswald had fired the fatal shots from the Texas School Book Depository building.
《沃伦报告》于1964年9月公布。报告中说,李·哈维·奥斯瓦尔德从德州教科书仓库大楼开枪,导致肯尼迪总统身亡。
There was "no evidence that either Lee Harvey Oswald or Jack Ruby was part of any conspiracy, domestic or foreign", the commission said.
委员会说:“没有明显证据表示奥斯瓦尔德或者鲁比身后有其他国内或国外阴谋集团指使。”
虽然已经过去50多年,但关于肯尼迪遇刺,仍有很多悬而未决的疑点。多年来人们仍对官方版本有许多疑问。许多民调显示,大部分美国人认为肯尼迪刺杀案的嫌疑人不止奥斯瓦尔德一人,事件背后有阴谋。而有关肯尼迪遇刺的阴谋论说法也五花八门,被怀疑的对象包括中情局、美国总统约翰逊、前苏联克格勃、美国黑手党等。
副总统派人行刺总统?
众多版本中,时任美国副总统约翰逊嫌疑最大。两人政见不合,又有利益纠纷。肯尼迪曾和助手说,竞选连任时要换个搭档。
Richard Nixon thought Lyndon Johnson killed John F. Kennedy, according to legendary political operative Roger Stone.
据政治特工传奇人物罗杰·斯通所说,尼克松认为约翰逊参与杀害了肯尼迪。
“Nixon said, ‘The damn thing is, I knew this Jack Ruby. Murray [Chotiner] brought him to me in 1947, said he was one of “Johnson’s boys” and that LBJ wanted us to hire him as an informant to the Committee. We did,'” according to Stone.
“尼克松说,‘糟糕的是,我认识杰克·鲁比。穆雷1947年领他来见过我,说他是‘约翰逊的人’。约翰逊想让我们雇他当委员会的线人,我们照办了。”
"Nixon would also say to me ‘Both Johnson and I wanted to be president, but the only difference was I wouldn’t kill for it.’"
“尼克松对我说:‘我和约翰逊都想当总统,但区别是,我不会通过杀人来上位。’”
媒体曝光的一份录音表明,肯尼迪的夫人杰奎琳也说过,她相信副总统才是真凶,枪手不过听差办事。
Kennedy, who later became Jackie Onassis, claimed that the Dallas murder was part of a larger conspiracy to allow Johnson to become American president in his own right.
杰奎琳声称,肯尼迪遇刺是一起更大的阴谋的一部分,以便让约翰逊当上总统。
约翰逊20年的情妇玛德琳写过一本回忆录,她在书中说:“肯尼迪遇刺前晚,约翰逊告诉我,“过了明天,那些肯尼迪家族的混蛋就没法再羞辱我了。”
这个桥段被用在这两年大火的《纸牌屋》中。
克格勃是幕后主使?
Lee Harvey Oswald was a former Marine. He travelled to the Soviet Union in 1959 and lived there until 1962. He worked in Minsk in a radio and TV factory and met his wife in the city.
奥斯瓦尔德曾参加美国海军陆战队。他在1959年前往前苏联并在那里生活到1962年。他在白俄罗斯首都明斯克一家收音机和电视机工厂工作,并在那里成家。
The Warren Commission found that he visited the Cuban and Russian embassies in Mexico City two months before Kennedy was shot.
沃伦委员会发现,肯尼迪总统遇刺前两个月,奥斯瓦尔德曾在墨西哥城去过古巴和前苏联大使馆。
因此有人怀疑,他被克格勃招募,当时还去见了古巴和前苏联间谍。
FBI局长胡佛?
埃德加·胡佛是美国联邦调查局第一任局长,任职长达48年,是一个创造了美国历史和FBI神话的传奇人物。有传言说,肯尼迪总统曾想削弱FBI的权力,甚至动过罢免胡佛的念头。于是FBI竟然工作疏忽到让人在众目睽睽下枪杀重要嫌疑人,让这个案子成了世纪悬案。
谜团:肯尼迪诅咒
肯尼迪家族堪称美国历史上最显赫、最古老、最有影响的政治家族。除了无与伦比的声望和地位,这个家族身上还笼罩着一个世界性的谜团:肯尼迪诅咒。
In 1941 his elder sister, Rosemary Kennedy, who was born with developmental problems, underwent a lobotomy that resulted in her spending the rest of her life in institutions. She died in 2005.
1941年,肯尼迪总统患有智力障碍的姐姐罗斯玛丽·肯尼迪接受前脑叶白质切除术,导致余生只能在疗养院度过。她在2005年去世。
Three years later, his eldest brother, Joseph Kennedy Jr, died in a plane crash while on a bombing mission over the Channel during World War II.
1944年,肯尼迪总统的哥哥约瑟夫·肯尼迪二战时执行跨越英吉利海峡投掷炸弹的任务时,死于飞机失事。
In 1948 another plane crash – this time in France – killed his sister, Kathleen Kennedy Cavendish. She was 28.
1948年,发生在法国的另一起飞机失事导致他的妹妹凯瑟琳死亡,年仅28岁。
In 1968 Kennedy lost another brother to an assassin's gun when Robert Kennedy was murdered in Los Angeles, just after his victory in California's Democratic presidential primary election. He was 42.
1968年,他的弟弟罗伯特在洛杉矶被暗杀身亡。当时罗伯特刚刚在加州民主党总统预选中胜出,时年42岁。
In 1999, John Kennedy Jr, the son of JFK, died with his wife and sister-in-law when the small aeroplane he was flying crashed into the Atlantic off Martha's Vineyard in Massachusetts.
1999年,约翰•肯尼迪的儿子小肯尼迪乘坐的小型飞机失事,连同妻子和妻妹一起坠机而亡。飞机掉入马萨诸塞州马沙文岛附近的大西洋海域。
此外,车祸、吸毒、强奸指控等都不断困扰家族的其他幸存成员。从1941年开始到1999年,已有近10位“肯尼迪”死于非命。
更让人不可思议的是,与肯尼迪家庭有关联的其他家族的人也跟着遭受厄运。
在肯尼迪总统的遗孀杰奎琳·肯尼迪和希腊船王亚里士多德·奥纳西斯成婚后,奥纳西斯名下有4艘轮船发生了严重的事故。7年后,原本身体不错的奥纳西斯和他的儿子亚历山大相继去世,家族的生意也元气大伤。
翻译&编审:yaning
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