鸟巢英语 鸟巢英文介绍

Bird's Nest

Abstract:

The main venue for the Beijing Olympics, the National Stadium, widely known as the Bird’s Nest because of its unique design, has become a nationwide sensation.

The removal of the elements helped to bring the project under the reduced construction budget of $290 million, from an original $500 million. With the removal of the retractable roof, the building was lightened, which helped it stand up to seismic activity; however, the upper section of the roof was altered to protect fans from weather. Due to the stadium's outward appearance, it was nicknamed "The Bird's Nest". The phrase was first used by Herzog & de Meuron, though the pair still believes "there should be many ways of perceiving a building. "The use is a compliment Li explained, "In China, a bird's nest is very expensive, something you eat on special occasions."

Introduction:

The National Stadium is situated in the Beijing Olympic Green. During the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, the opening

ceremony, closing ceremony, track

and field meets, and men's football

final will be held here. It is the

world's largest steel structure and

the most complex stadium ever

constructed. Its design had to be

inspiring and be able to withstand

an earthquake. So 'light weight'

was combined with strength in 110

000 tons of a new grade of steel,

the purest ever developed in China, including 36km of steel struts. It has been a landmark and a longstanding symbol of the Olympics. It is "one of the key engineering marvels in the world today."

The Bird's Nest was the main venue of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and it has a seating capacity of over 91,000. With a simple and classical space effects, the National Stadium is beautifully designed; and all the structural parts support with each other, forming a network framework. It looks like a bird's nest woven with branches. After the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, the stadium will become a sports and entertainment facility for the residents of Beijing. And it will become another important tourist attraction of Beijing.

By the 2001 Pritzker Prize winner Herzog, and the Chinese architect Li Xinggang de Meuron collaborated giant stadium design, forms as life" nest", it is more like a cradle, is entrusted with the mankind's hope for the future. The designers of the National Stadium did not do any extra processing, just give the structure is exposed outside, so the natural formation of the appearance of a building.

Design and construction:

Located in the Olympic Green, the stadium cost US$423 million. The design was awarded

鸟巢简介 鸟巢英文介绍

bidding process that included 13 final submissions. The design, which originated from the study of Chinese ceramics, implemented steel beams in order to hide supports for the retractable roof; giving the stadium the appearance of a "Bird's nest". Leading Chinese artist Ai Weiwei was the artistic consultant on the project. The retractable roof was later removed from the design after inspiring the stadium's most recognizable aspect. Ground was broken in 24 December 2003 and the stadium officially opened in 28 June 2008. A shopping mall and a hotel are planned to be constructed to increase use of the stadium, which has had trouble attracting events, football and otherwise after the Olympics.

The entire structure component of the stadium composes the mutual support to form a grid structure. It looks like a bird's nest and the gray steel mesh is covered by transparent material. It contains a bowl-shaped stadium which is red. Here, the hollow out style, the ceramic lines, the red refulgence and warm, and the most advanced modern steel structure design are perfectly blended together.

The whole building is related through the giant reticular structure, without one column in the interior. The stand is shaped like bowl which

give the stadium unbelievable dramaticism and

incomparable appeal. The continuous loop will

also make the audience get the best view and

promote their emotion. It can also encourag e

players to be faster, higher and stronger. Here,

people, really have been given the center

position.

The crust of the stadium can be made by the diaphragm, make to completely waterproof. The sun can penetrate through the transparent roof to meet the growth of the indoor turf. During a game, the stands can change through various ways and can satisfy the different requirements of different audiences. During the Olympic Games, 20000 temporary seats are on the top of the stadium and can ensure that everyone can clearly see the whole game. The entrance, the exit and the crowd flow through the regional pision and reasonable streamline design had been settled perfectly.

The eastern and western stands of Beijing National Stadium are higher than northern and southern stands, in order to improve sightlines. A 24-hour per day rainwater collector is located near the stadium; after water is purified, it is used throughout and around the stadium. Pipes placed under the playing surface gather heat in the winter to warm the stadium and coldness in the summer to cool the stadium. The stadium's design originally called for a capacity of 100,000 people; however 9,000 were removed during a