六级模拟题 2016年6月英语六级题模拟考试题

　　2016年6月英语六级考试将至，为帮助大家更好通过阅读大关，百分网小编为大家整理了英语六级考试模拟试题如下，仅供参考!

　　The Street-Level Solution

　　[A] WhenI was growing up, one of my father's favorite sayings (borrowed from thehumorist Will Rogers) was: "It isn't what we don't know that causes thetrouble: it's what we think we know that just ain't so." One of the maininsights to be taken from the 100,000 Homes Campaign and its strategy to endchronic homelessness is that, until recently, our society thought it understoodthe nature of homelessness, but it didn't.

　　[B] Thatled to a series of mistaken assumptions about why people become homeless andwhat they need. Many of the errors in our homelessness policies have stemmedfrom the conception that, the homeless are a homogeneous group. It's only inthe past 15 years that organizations like Common Ground, and others, have takena street-level view of the problem—distinguishing the "episodicallyhomeless" from the "chronically homeless" in order to understandtheir needs at an individual level. This is why we can now envisage a differentapproach—and get better results.

　　[C] Mostreaders expressed support for the effort, although a number were skeptical, anda few utterly dismissive, about the chances of long-term homeless peopleadapting well to housing. This is to be expected; it's hard to imagine what wehaven't yet seen. As Niccolo Machiavelli wrote in The Prince, one of the majorobstacles in any effort to advance systemic change is the "incredulity ofmen," which is to say that people "do not readily believe in newthings until they have had a long experience of them,” Most of us havewitnessed homeless people on the streets for decades. Few have seen formerlyhomeless people after they have been housed successfully. We don't havereference points for that story. So we generalize from what we know—or think weknow.

　　[D] Butthat can be misleading, even to experts. When I asked Rosanne Haggerty, founderof Common Ground, which currently operates 2,310 units of supportive housing(with 552 more under construction), what had been her biggest surprise in thiswork, she replied: "Fifteen years ago, I would not have believed thatpeople who had been so broken and stuck in homelessness could thrive to thedegree that they do in our buildings." And Becky Kanis, the campaign'sdirector, commented: "There is this sense in our minds that someone who'son the streets is almost in their DNA different from someone who has a house.The campaign is creating a first-hand experience for many people that that isreally not the case."

　　[E] Oneof the startling realizations that I had while researching this column is thatanybody could become like a homeless person—all it takes is a traumatic (创伤的) brain injury. Abicycle fall, a car accident, a slip on the ice, or if you're a soldier, a headwound—and your life could become unrecognizable. James O'Connell, a doctor whohas been treating the most vulnerable homeless people on the streets of Bostonfor 25 years, estimates that 40 percent of the long-term homeless people he'smet had such a brain injury. "For many it was a head injury prior to thetime they became homeless," he said. "They became unpredictable.They'd have mood swings, fits of explosive behavior. They couldn't hold ontotheir jobs. Drinking made them feel better. They'd end up on the streets."

　　[F] Oncehomeless people return to housing, they're in a much better position to rebuildtheir lives. But it's important to note that housing alone is not enough. Aswith many complex social problems, when you get through the initial crisis, youhave another problem to solve which is no less challenging. But it is a betterproblem.

　　[G] Overthe past decade, O'Connell has seen this happen. "I spend half my time onthe streets or in the hospital and the other half making house calls to peoplewho lived for years on the streets," he said. "So from a doctor'spoint of view it's a delightful switch, but it's not as if putting someone inhousing is the answer to addressing all of their problems. It's the firststep."

　　[H] Oncein housing, formerly homeless people can become isolated and lonely. If they'velived on the streets for years, they may have acquired a certain standing aswell as a sense of pride in their survival skills. Now indoors, those aspectsof their identity may be stripped away. Many also experience a profound disorientationat the outset. "If you're homeless for more than six months, you kind oflose your bearings," says Haggerty. "Existence becomes not aboutovercoming homelessness but about finding food, begging, looking for a job tosurvive another day. The whole process of how you define stability getsreordered."

　　[I] Manyneed regular, if not continuous, support with mental health problems,addictions and illnesses—and, equally important, assistance in the day-to-daychallenges of life, reacquainting with family, building relationships withneighbors, finding enjoyable activities or work, managing finances, andlearning how to eat healthy food.

　　[J] Foxsome people, the best solution is to live in a communal (集体) residence, withspecial services. This isn't available everywhere, however. In Boston, forexample, homeless people tend to be scattered in apartments throughout thecity.

　　[K] Common Ground's large residences in New York offer insight into thepossibilities for change when homeless people have a rich array of supports. Inaddition to more traditional social services, residents also make use ofcommunal gardens, classes in things like cooking, yoga, theatre andphotography, and job placement. Last year, 188 formerly homeless tenants infour of Common Ground's residences, found jobs.

　　[L] Because the properties have many services and are well-managed, Haggertyhas found posthousing problems to be surprisingly rare. In the past 10 years,there have been only a handful of incidents of quarrels between tenants. Thereis very little graffiti (涂鸦) orvandalism (破坏). And theturnover is almost negligible. In the Prince George Hotel in New York, which ishome to 208 formerly homeless people and 208 low-income tenants, the averagelength of tenancy is close to seven years. (All residents pay 30 percent oftheir income for rent; for the formerly homeless, this comes out of theirgovernment benefits.) When people move on, it is usually because they've founda preferable apartment.

　　[M] "Tenants also want to participate in shaping the public areas ofthe buildings, said Haggerty." They formed a gardening committee. Theywant a terrace on the roof. Those are things I didn't count on." The mostcommon tenant demand? "People always want more storage space—but that'strue of every New Yorker," she adds. "In many ways, we're a lot likea normal apartment building. Our tenants look like anyone else."

　　[N] As Imentioned, homelessness is a catch-all for a variety of problems. A number ofreaders asked whether the campaign will address family homelessness, which hasdifferent causes and requires a different solution. I've been following some ofthe promising ideas emerging to address and prevent family homelessness. Laterin 2011, I'll explore these ideas in a column. For now, I'll conclude with anupdate on the 100,000 Homes Campaign. Since Tuesday, New Orleans and a fewother communities have reported new results. The current count of people housedis 7,043.

　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。

　　36. Tenants inCommon Ground's residences all want more room for storage.

　　37. HomesCampaign provides first-hand proof that the homeless are not what they wereonce believed to be.

　　38. CommonGround's residences are well-managed and by and large peaceful.

　　39. Housing thehomeless is only the first step to solving all their problems.

　　40. A largepercent of the chronically homeless have suffered from brain injury.

　　41. After beinghoused many homeless people become confused at first as to how to deal withlife off the street.

　　42. Some peoplethink the best way to help the homeless is to provide them with communalhousing.

　　43. The homelesswith health problems should be given regular support in their daily lives.

　　44. Untilrecently American society has failed to see what homelessness is all about.

　　45. Manyformerly homeless tenants in New York's Common Ground's residences got hired.

　　Section C

　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passageis followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them thereare four choices marked A., B., and C. andD. You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a singleline through the centre.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

　　International governments' inactionconcerning sustainable development is clearly worrying but the proactive (主动出击的) approaches of someleading-edge companies are encouraging. Toyota, Wal-Mart, DuPont, M&S andGeneral Electric have made tackling environmental wastes a key economic driver.

　　DuPont committed itself to a 65%reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in the 10 years prior to 2010. By 2007,DuPont was saving $2.2 billion a year through energy efficiency, the same asits total declared profits that year. General Electric aims to reduce theenergy intensity of its operations by 50% by 2015.They have invested heavily inprojects designed to change the way of using and conserving energy.

　　Companies like Toyota and Wal-Martare not committing to environmental goals out of the goodness of their hearts.The reason for their actions is a simple yet powerful realisation that theenvironmental and economic footprints fit well together. When M&S launchedits "Plan A" sustainability programme in 2007, it was believed thatit would cost over £200 million in the first five years. However, theinitiative had generated £105 million by 2011/12.

　　When we prevent physical waste,increase energy efficiency or improve resource productivity, we save money,improve profitability and enhance competitiveness. In fact, there are oftenhuge "quick win" opportunities, thanks to years of neglect.

　　However, there is a considerable gapbetween leading-edge companies and the rest of the pack. There are far too manycompanies still delaying creating a lean and green business system, arguingthat it will cost money or require sizable capital investments. They remainstuck in the "environment is cost" mentality. Being environmentallyfriendly does not have to cost money. In fact, going beyond compliance savescost at the same time that it generates cash, provided that management adoptsthe new lean and green model.

　　Lean means doing more with less.Nonetheless, in most companies, economic and environmental continuousimprovement is viewed as being in conflict with each other. This is one of thebiggest opportunities missed across most industries. The size of theopportunity is enormous. The 3% Report recently published by World WildlifeFund and CDP shows that the economic prize for curbing carbon missions in theUS economy is $780 billion between now and 2020. It suggests that one of thebiggest levers for delivering this opportunity is "increased efficiencythrough management and behavioural change"--in other words, lean and greenmanagement.

　　Some 50 studies show that companiesthat commit to such aspirational goals as zero waste, zero harmful emissions,and zero use of non-renewable resources are financially outperforming theircompetitors. Conversely, it was found that climate disruption is already costing$1.2 trillion annually, cutting global GDP by 1.6%. Unaddressed, this willdouble by 2030.

　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。

　　46. What does the authorsay about some leading-edge companies?

　　A. They operate in accordance with government policies.

　　B. They take initiatives in handling environmental wastes.

　　C. They are key drivers in their nations' economic growth.

　　D. They are major contributors to environmental problems.

　　47. What motivatesToyota and Wal-Mart to make commitments to environmental protection?

　　A. The goodness of their hearts. C. The desire to generate profits.

　　B. A strong sense of responsibility. D. Pressure from environmentalists.

　　48. Why are so manycompanies reluctant to create an environment-friendly business system?

　　A. They are bent on making quick money.

　　B. They do not have the capital for the investment.

　　C. They lack the incentive to change business practices.

　　D. They believe buildingsuch a system is too costly.

　　49. What is said aboutthe lean and green model of business?

　　A. It helps businesses to save and gain atthe same time.

　　B. It is affordable only for a few leading-edge companies.

　　C. It is likely to start a new round of intense competition.

　　D. It will take a long time for all companies to embrace it.

　　50. What is the findingof the studies about companies committed to environmental goals?

　　A. They have greatly enhanced their sense of social responsibility.

　　B. They do much better than their counterparts in terms of revenues.

　　C. They have abandoned all the outdated equipment and technology.

　　D They make greater contributions to human progress than their rivals.

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 51to 55 are based on the following passage.

　　America's recent history has been apersistent tilt to the West—of people, ideas, commerce and even politicalpower. California and Texas are the twin poles of the West, but very differentones. For most of the 20th century the home of Silicon Valley and Hollywood hasbeen the brainier and trendier of the two. Texas has trailed behind: its stereotypehas been a conservative Christian in cowboy boots. But twins can change places.Is that happening now?

　　It is easy to find evidence that Californiais in a panic. At the start of this month the once golden state started payingcreditors in IOUs (欠条). The gapbetween projected outgoings and income for the current fiscal (财政的) year has leapt to ahorrible $26 billion. With no sign of a new budget to close this gulf, onecredit agency has already downgraded California's debt. As budgets are cut, universitieswill let in fewer students, prisoners will be released early and schemes toprotect the vulnerable will be rolled back.

　　By contrast, Texas has coped well with therecession, with an unemployment rate two points below the national average andone of the lowest rates of housing repossession. In part this is because Texanbanks, hard hit in the last property bust, did not overexpand this time. Texasalso clearly offers a different model, based on small government. It has nostate capital-gains or income tax, and a business-friendly andimmigrant-tolerant attitude. It is home to more Fortune 500 companies than anyother state.

　　Despite all this, it still seems too earlyto hand over America's future to Texas. To begin with, that lean Texan modelhas its own problems. It has not invested enough in education. and many expertsrightly worry about a "lost generation" of mostly Hispanic Texanswith insufficient skills for the demands of the knowledge economy.

　　Second, it has never paid to bet against astate with as many inventive people as California. Even if Hollywood has goneinto depression, it still boasts an unequalled array of sunrise industries andthe most brisk venture-capital industry on the planet. The state also has anawesome ability to reinvent itself—as it did when its defence industrycollapsed at the end of the cold war.

　　The truth is that both states could learnfrom each other. Texas still lacks California's great universities and lags interms of culture. California could adopt not just Texas's leaner state, butalso its more bipartisan (两党的) approach topolitics. There is no perfect model of government: it is America's genius tohave 50 public-policy laboratories competing to find out what works best.

　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。

　　51. What doesthe author say about California and Texas in Paragraph 1?

　　A) They have been competing for the leadingposition.

　　B) California has been superior to Texas inmany ways.

　　C) They are both models of development forother states.

　　D) Texas's cowboy culture is less known thanCalifornia's.

　　52. What doesthe author say about today's California?

　　A) Its debts are pushing it intobankruptcy. C) It is faced with aserious financial crisis.

　　B) Its budgets have been cut by $26billion. D) It is trying hard toprotect the vulnerable.

　　53. In whatway is Texas different from California?

　　A) It practices small government. C) It has a large Hispanic population.

　　B) It is home to traditional industries. D) It has an enviable welfare system.

　　54. Whatproblem is Texas confronted with?

　　A) Its Hispanic population is mostlyilliterate.

　　B) Its sunrise industries are shrinkingrapidly.

　　C) Its education cannot meet the needs ofthe knowledge economy.

　　D) Its immigrants have a hard time adaptingto its cowboy culture.

　　55. What dowe learn about American politics from the passage?

　　A) Each state has its own way of governing.

　　B) Most states favor a bipartisan approach.

　　C) Parties collaborate in drawing publicpolicies.

　　D) All states believe in government for the people.

　　Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

　　Directions: For thispart, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。

　　中文热词通常反映社会变化和文化，有些在外国媒体上愈来愈流行。例如，土豪(tuhao)和大妈(dama)都是老词，但已获取了新的意义。

　　土豪以前指欺压佃户和仆人的乡村地主，现在用于指花钱如流水或喜欢炫耀财富的人。也就是说，土豪有钱，但没有品位。大妈是对中年妇女的称呼，但现在特指不久前金价下跌时大量购买黄金的中国妇女。

　　土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版牛津(Oxford)英语词典。至今已有约120个中文词被加进了牛津英语词典，成了英语语言的一部分。