【丁丁历险记里的狗】专题狗年特辑：这些世界著名的汪星人你都认识吗？

2018农历戊戌狗年将近，狗狗们一下成为了各大商家的重点关注对象，而除了商业价值，作为人类最忠实的伙伴与战友，狗的使命更多的是在于他们所提供的爱和保护。根据最早出土的文物，狗已经陪伴了我们至少一万多年，这一万多年间，狗与人的故事不胜枚举，而这种亲密的关系也被反映在了各类影视、文学作品中。今天我们就来介绍其中五位享誉世界的汪星人~

According to the Chinese zodiac, 2018 is the Year of the Dog. Since domestication, dogs have been our friends, playmates, protectors and caregivers. The animal has become such an important part in human history and we celebrate them in dozens of movies, plays, books, statues and poems. Among all these canines, these five may be the most famous in real life or onscreen.

• 八公

八公称得上是世界范围内最有名的秋田犬了，如今身在汪星的他一定不曾想过也不会知道，自己仅会因为对主人简单纯粹的爱而永远成为忠狗的代名词。

相信大部分人都是通过2009年的电影《忠犬八公的故事》了解到八公的传奇事迹。影片主角八公的原型于1923年11月10日出生在秋田县大馆市大子内的一户人家，两个月时他被送给了东京大学的教授上野英三郎来照顾。每天八公都会在家门口目送上野教授上班，在傍晚的时候到涩谷站迎接主人下班，直到1925年5月，教授在大学里突然中风去世。此后整整十年，八公依然每天去车站等候主人归来，风雨无阻，直至生命尽头。

1935年三月的一天，八公的告别仪式在涩谷车站盛大举行，人们将他与上野教授同葬于青山灵园，并把皮毛制作成标本，永久地保存在了国立科学博物馆。当地还建了八公的铜像，为日本东京涩谷区的社区巴士起绰号为“八公犬巴士”，以此来缅怀纪念这只感动世界的狗狗。

The faithful Hachi is held up as an example of loyalty and fidelity across the world. Most people got to know him from a 2009 British-American drama film called Hachi: A Dog's Tale. It is based on the true story of the faithful Hachikō, an Akita dog born on a farm near the Japanese city of Ōdate in the Akita Prefecture. He is remembered for his remarkable love his owner, for whom he continued to wait for nine years, nine months and fifteen days following his death.

His loyalty impressed the Japanese, and later, the rest of the world. After his death, he continues to be remembered in popular culture worldwide, with movies, books, and appearances in various media. A well-known Japanese artist rendered a sculpture of the dog raising renewed interest and awareness in the Akita breed throughout Japan.

• 乌吉

看过奥斯卡获奖影片《艺术家》的朋友一定会记得主人公身边那只机灵可爱的杰克罗素犬杰克。扮演他的则是一只从影多年、演技精湛的明星狗——乌吉。

2002年乌吉一出生便是孤儿，后被遗弃街头，幸好被好心人收养，还在主人的栽培下成了一名演员。2005年，乌吉在其首部电影《天才宝弟的狗日子》中就一展演技，2011年更是迎来事业的辉煌期，一连出演了《艺术家》和《大象的眼泪》两部知名电影，尤其是在法国黑白默片《艺术家》中献上的专业表演，被不少网友说是“秒杀了绝大多数小鲜肉”。

凭借此部电影，乌吉收获了众多奖项，包括戛纳国际电影节 “狗棕榈奖”和第一届“金项圈奖”，可谓风光无限。同时他也是史上第一只将“爪印”留在好莱坞中国大剧院的狗狗。英国媒体人霍尔登甚至为他写下自传《Uggie, My Story》，书中介绍了他如何从流浪狗成为好莱坞巨星的故事，还在书中呼吁以认养代替购买。不幸的是，乌吉因长年受前列腺肿瘤折磨，2012年正式息影，2015年8月7日被主人奥玛·冯·穆勒在洛杉矶家中实施了安乐死。“他是一只伟大的狗狗。” 穆勒接受采访时说道。

Uggie was a trained Jack Russell Terrier dog famous for his role in The Artist. He was abandoned by at least his first two owners, but was luckily adopted by animal trainer Omar Von Muller. Von Muller discovered that he was very smart and very willing to work, and then started rewarding him to perform.

Uggie's earliest roles were in commercials, getting his first big break in the romantic drama Water for Elephants. But the role in 2011 silent movie The Artist was the one that really brought him global attention, with some critics saying he was "stealing every scene." For his stunts and performance, Uggie won the Palm Dog Award for best performance by a canine at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival. On June 25, 2012, he had his paw prints placed in cement at Grauman's Chinese Theatre.

• 任丁丁

说完乌吉不得不提他的影坛大前辈任丁丁。据史料记载，任丁丁可是好莱坞最早捧红的动物明星，并长期占据一线男星的地位。在他14年传奇的狗生中，共主演过26部电影，在片场设有专座，甚至还把华纳从破产边缘拉了回来。

任丁丁是被美国士兵李·邓肯在1918年9月15日驻扎在法国时收养的一只德国牧羊犬。1922年，任丁丁参加了洛杉矶狗狗秀，表演跳起13.5英尺高，自此踏上了“演艺之路”。后来华纳公司拍摄一部有狼的影片时，从动物园租借来的狼对摄影机和众人感到恐惧，十分不配合，任丁丁因此临时被拉去试镜，凭借出色的表现，被华纳兄弟电影公司正式雇佣。

一年后，任丁丁参演的电影《何处是北方》热映，任丁丁从此成为明星，领衔主演了10多部电影，每周酬劳高达1000美金，华纳公司甚至特地养了18只“替身”来代它完成一些危险场面。1960年，他在好莱坞星光大道上拥有了一颗自己的星星。

最不可思议的是，在1929年首届奥斯卡最佳男演员评比中，任丁丁在第一轮投票中获得大多数选票，差点创造历史。《纽约客》特约撰稿人苏珊·奥林在为任丁丁所写的传记里披露，当年是由于举办方和评委会认为把奖颁给动物太不像样了，才最终给了埃米尔·强宁斯。

Rin Tin Tin was a male German Shepherd who became an international star in motion pictures. He was rescued from a World War I battlefield by an American soldier, Lee Duncan, who trained Rin Tin Tin and obtained silent film work for the dog. Rin Tin Tin was an immediate box-office success and went on to appear in 27 Hollywood films, gaining worldwide fame.

Rin Tin Tin was so popular at the time that according to author Susan Orlean, the dog received the most votes for Best Actor at the first Academy Award competition in 1929, but the Academy wished to appear more serious, so they decided to have a human actor win the award. In 1960, Rin Tin Tin was honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 1627 Vine Street.

• 史努比

而在二次元的世界中，最著名的狗狗可能要数史努比了。这只可以直立行走、充满个性的小猎犬被许多评论家认为是引导了漫画的发展。

史努比的创作灵感来自于美国人查尔斯·舒尔茨儿时的伴侣犬史派克，1950年10月4日，他首度出现在《花生漫画》这部之后至少被3亿5千5百万人看过的漫画中。史努比是一只在雏菊山小狗农庄出生的小猎犬，拥有7个兄弟姐妹，最早被一位名叫里拉的小女孩所收养。后来里拉因为搬迁把史努比送给到了查理·布朗。史努比从此在一座红色狗屋里过上了我行我素的生活。

1965年4月9日，史努比和莱纳斯、查理·布朗、史洛德和露茜一起首度登上了《时代周刊》的封面，杂志赞扬作品是“一种令人耳目一新的新类型之佼佼者，进而展现出生命基本常识中这前所未有的兴趣。”1969年5月，美国阿波罗10号飞船将自身指挥舱和月球舱分别命名为“查理·布朗”和“史努比”。2009年12月23日，美国犬业俱乐部评选史努比为流行文化中的“第一名犬”，近7.6万人对来自电视、电影、文学、体育和艺术中的一系列的犬类角色进行了网络投票，最终史努比当之无愧地胜出。

As for fictional dogs, one of the most known characters must be Snoopy, Charlie Brown's pet beagle in the comic strip Peanuts by Charles M. Schulz. Since his debut on October 4, 1950, Snoopy has become one of the most recognizable and iconic characters in the comic strip.

The original drawings of Snoopy were inspired by Spike, one of Schulz's childhood dogs. Snoopy is a loyal, innocent, imaginative and good-natured beagle who is prone to imagining fantasy lives, including being an author, a college student known as "Joe Cool" and a World War I Royal Flying Corps ace.

Snoopy and Charlie Brown were ranked by TV Guide as the 8th greatest cartoon characters of all time. On November 2, 2015, Snoopy was honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

• 白雪

最后不得不提的是白雪，他是比利时漫画家埃尔热的著名作品《丁丁历险记》中不可或缺的主角之一，也是丁丁身边最值得信任的助手。作为机智勇敢的化身，白雪一直深受全世界各国大小朋友的喜爱。

白雪是一只刚毛猎狐梗，他的名字译自Milou，来源于埃尔热初恋女友Marie-Louise Van Cutsem的昵称。在漫画中白雪是一只人性化的小狗，时常能够通过动作和表情与丁丁进行对话。虽然在丁丁曲折的历险中，白雪经常因为一些小毛病误事，但更多情况下，白雪对于丁丁更像是救世主一般的存在，总能助丁丁化险为夷。

随着漫画的成功，人们决定将其改编动画作品。这部39集的动画片于1991年首播，2004年被国内引进，由CCTV-6播放，成为了一代人美好的童年记忆。2011年，丁丁历险记还被大导演史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格看中，并翻拍成3D动画《丁丁历险记：独角兽的秘密》，相信不少人都看过。

Snowy is a brave, clever white Wire Fox Terrier who is a companion to Tintin, the protagonist in The Adventures of Tintin, the comic series by Belgian cartoonist Hergé.

He debuted on January 10, 1929, in the first installment of Tintin in the Land of the Soviets. He is able to understand human language, and throughout the series, Snowy is Tintin's sidekick and companion on journeys. Along with Tintin, he is the only character to appear in all of the volumes.

The story of Snowy and Tintin has been adapted to various works including The Adventures of Tintin television series in 1991, and the 2011 motion capture film The Adventures of Tintin: The Secret of the Unicorn.

下一期我们将介绍世界著名的“狗狗们”之人物篇，敬请期待~