小伙伴们,收拾收拾,今天的双语君语法课堂又开课啦~
你是否觉得but用法so easy?
你是否觉得but没什么好聊的?
就让双语君来打开你新世界的大门吧~
连词
最常见的,but用作“但是,然而”的意思在此双语君就不详述啦。咱们直接进入正题,看看那些没有那么常见的用法。
❶ 用于表示歉意的话语之后,表示谢绝或不赞成。
➤ I'm sorry, but I disagree with you.
对不起,我不同意你的意见。
❷ 用于两个并列的分句之间,与前面的否定词形成对比,作“无……而不……”解。
➤ It never rains but it pours.
不雨则已,一雨倾盆。
介词
❶ 与 no , nobody , nothing , none , who 等词连用,作“除……之外”解,用来排除同类中的一分子,或从整体中除去一部分。
➤ Nobody knew her but me.
除我以外,没有人认识她。
➤ Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.
这个计划只能带来灾难,别无益处。
❷ but 前面有 do 的某种形式时, but 后面的动词不定式要省略 to ;其前没有 do 的某种形式时, but 后面的不定式要带 to 。
➤ We had no choice but to wait.
除了等待,我们别无选择。
➤ He did nothing all day long but watch TV.
一整天,他除了看电视,别无他事可做。
❸与 last , next 及 one , two 等连用,作“倒数第二、第三”等解。例如:
➤Jack was the last but one to arrive.
杰克是倒数第二个到达的。
副词
❶ 意思上相当于 only ,后面跟名词或动词。例如:
➤ Tom is but a child.
汤姆只是个孩子。
➤ We can but try now.
我们现在只有尝试一遍。
❷ but 出现在 too … to …结构前面时,不定式含肯定意义。例如:
➤ I'm but too glad to go there with you.
我非常高兴和你一起去那里。
习惯用语
1
but for
= without , 意为“要不是;如果没有”,意思上相当于一个虚拟条件句。
➤ But for the rain, we would have had a pleasant journey.
要不是天下雨,我们这次旅行就惬意了。
➤ But for your help, we couldn't have carried out the plan.
如果没有你的帮助,我们不可能实现那个计划。
2
but that
= except that , 意为“若非;要不是”,引导虚拟条件状语从句。
➤ He would have helped me but that he was short of money at that time.
要不是他那时候没钱,他会帮助我的。
3
but then
= on the other hand ,意为“不过;在另一方面”。
➤ London is a noisy place, but then it's also a place where you get the best entertainment.
伦敦是个闹市,不过它也是能够给你最好娱乐的地方。
4
nothing but
= only ,意为“只;不过是”。
➤ We could see nothing but water.
我们只能看见水。
5
not … but …
意为“不是……而是……”,连接两个并列的名词、形容词、副词、短语或分句等。
➤ My bag is not black but red.
我的书包不是黑色的而是红色的。
➤ He failed not because he isn't clever but because he didn't work hard.
他失败了,不是因为他不聪明而是因为他工作不努力。
6
no … but
意为“没有……不……”;虽然,尽管。
➤ No child but likes Old Li in our village.
没有孩子不喜欢我们村里的老李。
➤ I can’t marry her, no but we love each other very much.
我不能娶她,尽管我们彼此非常相爱。
7
not only … but also …
not only … but also … 意为“不但……而且……;既……又……”,连接两个并列成分。
➤ Not only you but also she has to attend the meeting.
不但你而且她也得参加这次会议。
➤ He not only teaches us English but also does other things for us.
他不但教我们英语,而且还为我们干别的事情。
8
not that … but that …
意为“不是因为……而是因为……”。
➤ Not that the car is out of order, but that I've not learned to drive.
不是汽车出了故障,而是我还没有学会开车。
9
can't help but do …
意为“不能不……;忍不住……”。
➤ I can't help but cry.
我忍不住哭了。
10
all but
意为“除……外全都,几乎”。
➤ All but mother in my family can speakEnglish.
除母亲外,我的一家人都会说英语。
➤ His theory is all but correct.
他的理论几乎是正确的。
11
anything but
意为“绝不是”。
➤ He is anything but a good headmaster.
他根本不是个好校长。
➤ This car is anything but beautiful.
这辆小汽车根本不漂亮。
12
but now
意为“刚刚,适才”。
➤ I saw him in the office but now.
我刚刚看见他在办公室。
➤ I heard the commander talk about you but now.
才听得司令讲到您。
13
can (or could) but
意为“只能,只好”。
➤ His father can but know a few letters.
他的父亲只能认几个字母。
➤ The old lady could but walk slowly with a stick.
那个老太太只能拄着拐杖慢慢地朝前走。
14
can (or could) not but
意为“不得不,忍不住”。
➤ I could not but tell him about it.
我不得不告诉他这件事。
➤ Seeing her husband's funny face, she could not but laugh.
看见丈夫的滑稽面孔,她忍不住大笑起来。
15
cannot (or could not) choose but
意为“不得不,必须”。例如:
➤ They could not choose but obey.
他们除了服从外别无选择。
16
cannot (or couldn’t) help but
不能不, 不得不
➤ I cannot help but be sorry.
我不能不感到遗憾。
17
never … but
意为“每当……就……”。
➤ He never sees Miss Wang but he thinks of his friend, Xiao Ya.
每当见到王女士时,他就想起他的朋友小雅来。
➤ Her brother never comes, but he asks her for money.
她兄弟来时,总是向她要钱。
18
next but one
意为“再下一个”。
➤ They used to live in the next house but one to me.
他们住在我隔壁的隔壁。
19
no one but
意为“除了……外,谁也不”。
➤ No one but a mad man would say such words.
除了疯子,谁也不会说这样的话。
20
not so … but…
意为“没有到(不能……)”。
➤ His English is not so bad but he can make himself understood.
他的英语还不至于差到不能把自己的意思讲清楚的地步。
➤ I'm not so foolish but I can see what he really meant.
我还没有笨到听不懂他话中的真正含义的地步。
21
first but one
顺数第二
➤ In the brothers Mr. Kong was the first but one.
孔先生在弟兄中排行老二。
22
last but one
倒数第二
➤ We sat in the last row but four.
我们坐在倒数第五排。
(编辑:左卓 赵璠<实习>)
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