【高一英语必修二4单元作文】人教版高中英语必修2 (Book 2 Unit 4)

Unit 4 Wildlife protection

关键词

1.decrease v .缩小(使)变小。减少。减少到减少的数量后面总是加上介词in/of

联想扩展

Decrease (sth.)to/by.减少/减少.

添加increase VI . vt .成长；成长。加强n .增加增加的数量

Increase to/by.添加/添加到.

正在减少/增加On the decrease/increase

Reduce/decrease的混合分析

Reduce强调在数量、大小、程度或强度方面减少或减少。

Decrease强调“稳定、逐步、不断地”减少。

they are making every effort to decrease the production cost。他们正在尽力降低生产成本。

The membership decreased to 150。会员人数减少到150人。

the number of students in the class has decreased by 20。上课人数减少了20人。

there has been a decrease in our imports。我们的进口量减少了。

高手做手脚

完成文章

这些措施将有助于降低生产成本。

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ will help _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the che

出生率在减少。

The birthrate is ___________ _ _。

答案：These measures；Decrease on the decrease

2.suggest vt。建议提案(意见、计划、理论等)；暗示；暗示。表明

通用结构：

Suggest doing建议.

Suggest sb./sb。s doing sth。劝告某人做某事(suggest sb)。不要说to do sth。）

Suggest sth。to sb.(suggest sb。不能说sth。）

Suggest (to sb。)that子句(向某人提出)。(连接子句是虚拟语气：sb。should动词圆形，should可以省略)

It is suggested that.建议是.

Suggest sth。暗示；暗示。表明.

暗示Suggest that子句；表明.(从句子到陈述语气)

Suggest sth。to sb。让我想起某人。

I suggest doing it in another way。我建议以不同的方式做这件事。

They suggested another shop to us。他们向我们建议了另一家商店。

she suggested that we(should)have lunch at the new restaurant。她建议我们在那家新开的餐馆吃午饭。

her expression suggested that she had told a lie。她的表情表明她撒谎了。

温暖的提示

当Suggestion、advice、proposal提出“建议”时，相关名词性子句要用假设语气说。

my suggestion is that we(should)go to the cinema together。我建议一起去看电影。(剽窃)

it ' s suggested that you(should)stay here for another week。我建议再在这里呆一周。(主语节)

he gave me an suggestion that I should go to Shanghai for a holiday。他建议我去上海旅行。(东魏语从句)

填写单独的空格

his suggestion _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to see the art exhibition interested every one of us。

A.that we go B. which we should go

C.that we would go D. we should go

分析：选择a。无论Suggest的什么形式，当句子中有“建议”的意思时，后续节必须用家庭语气。

Affect vt。影响；影响。等同于袭击。感动刺激(悲伤、愤怒、爱情等感情)

Affect/effect/influence的混合分析

Affect vt。表示“影响，(病)攻”，大部分是指不好的影响。当Affect的宾语是人时，表示它在精神上和感情上都有影响。

，即"使……感动"。

effect 表示"影响"时，是名词，指由于某种原因直接产生的结果，常用短语为：have an effect on对……有影响；in effect正在实行；实际上；side effect副作用；take effect开始实行；开始生效；without effect没有效果；come into effect生效；实施；bring/carry sth. into effect使……生效；be of no effect 无效果。

influence多指对人的思想、观念、心理情绪等内在的东西产生潜移默化的影响，或对人的决定、行为等造成某种程度的影响。

The disease is beginning to affect her brain.疾病逐渐侵袭她的大脑。

We are deeply affected by his devotion to work.他对工作的奉献令我们深受感动。

The book had a great influence on his life.这本书对他的人生影响很大。

He is, in effect, my rival. 实际上，他是我的竞争对手。

单项填空

Sichuan province ___________by the earthquake，causing difficulties to the post-festival road transport.

A. were affected B. was affected

C. had effected D. has affected

解析：选B。affect 为动词，意思是"影响；感动"；effect为名词，意思是"影响；效果"。根据句意选择B。

4. appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；意识到；体会；理解

appreciate后可接名词、代词、动名词、名词性从句等作宾语，但不能接不定式。表示"感激，感谢"时，其后的宾语只能为"物"，不能为"人"。其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句，若语义上需要接这类从句，需借助it，即：appreciate it if/when ...。

易混辨析appreciate/thank

appreciate 意为"感激，感谢"时的结构为：

appreciate (doing) sth.

appreciate it if/when ...

thank表示"感谢"时的结构为：thank sb. for sth.。

I appreciate your ability very much.我很欣赏你的能力。

We shall appreciate hearing from you again.能再次收到你的来信，我们将十分感激。

I appreciate that you have come here so early.感谢你来得这么早。

I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it.如果你能帮助我做这件事，我将不胜感激。

单项填空

I really appreciate ___________to relax with you on this nice island.

A. to have had time　 B. having time

C. to have time　 D. to having time

解析：选B。考查appreciate的搭配。此处appreciate意为"欣赏"，其后不能接动词不定式作宾语，而只能用名词或动名词形式。

5. mercy n. 仁慈；宽恕；宽容；恩惠；幸运；怜悯

常用结构：

at the mercy of sb./sth. 任由某人(某事物)摆布或控制

have mercy on/upon 对……有怜悯心

show mercy to sb. 宽恕/怜悯某人

without mercy 毫不留情地；残忍地

They showed mercy to their enemies.他们对敌人很仁慈。

It's a mercy she wasn't hurt in the accident.她在事故中未受伤, 真幸运。

翻译句子

①那只船在暴风雨中失去了控制。

②可怜可怜我们吧！

答案：①The ship was at the mercy of the storm. ②Have mercy on us!

6. hunt vi.&vt.打猎，猎取；搜索

Wolves hunt in packs.狼是成群猎食的。

Police are hunting an escaped criminal.警方正在追捕逃犯。

常用结构：

hunt for 试图找到(某人/物)

hunt after 探求；追求

答案：①I'm hunting for a lost book. ②Many people hunt after fame all their lives but never find it.

7. include vt. 包括；包含

include侧重指范围，其主语和宾语属于同类，是整体与部分的关系。后面常接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。

The trip includes a visit to Beijing. 旅行包括到北京参观。

联想拓展

contain vt. 表示"包含，含有；能容纳"，侧重指内容或成分，其主语和宾语不属于同类。

This fruit contains a lot of vitamins.这个水果含有丰富的维他命。

hold vt. 表示"容纳；盛有……"；表示"里面装有……"时可与contain互换。

This room can hold 50 people.这间屋子能容纳50人。

(1)用include的适当形式填空

①Our group has ten students, Tom ___________.

②We will learn 7 subjects this term, ___________PE.

(2)单项填空Even if they didn't ___________the cost of food in the tour, it's still a cheap vacation to the U.S.

A. Hold B. contain C. share D. Include

解析：(1)①included ②including

(2) 选D。根据句意可知用"包括"。而contain多用来强调所包含的内容本来就是物体固有的一部分。

重点短语

8. die out 灭绝；逐渐消失；灭亡

联想拓展

die for渴望；很想

die to do 渴望；很想

die away（尤指声音、光、风）逐渐消失;停止

die down （兴奋、激动等情绪）渐弱；渐息；平息

die off （家族，种族等）相继死亡；（草木）枯死

die from/of 因……而死；通常由疾病、饥寒、情感原因造成的死亡用die of,除此之外的原因用die from。

Many species will soon die out if we don't take action.如果我们不采取行动，许多物种将很快灭绝。

Many old customs have died out.许多旧的风俗已不复存在。

(1)单项填空

①This kind of plants are ___________. Some day they will forever.

A. dying off；die out B. dying away；die off

C. dying down；die out D. dying out；die away

②Unfortunately, the soldier died ___________a wound in the chest.

A. from B. out C. off D. down

(2)用die的相关短语填空

①The noise of the car ___________in the distance.

②The old traditions are ___________.

③The man ___________a wound.

④I'm ___________something to eat.

解析:(1)①选A。前面句子用了进行时，表示正在灭亡，故用die off。后面表示有一天会永远消失，故用die out。

②选A。根据句意此处soldier死的原因应该是胸部受伤。

(2)①died away ②dying out ③died from ④dying for

9. protect ...from ... 保护……免受……，后接较小的事情或危害，如：frost, harm, catching cold。

联想拓展

protect ...against ...后接较大的事情，如：战争、灾害、重税、威胁等。

keep sb. from doing sth. prevent/stop sb.(from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事

keep sb. doing sth.使某人一直做某事

defend ...from/against保卫……以抵御……

易混辨析defend/protect/guard/preserve

defend 保卫；防护；防守（含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思）；protect 常含有提供安全的方式来驱开不适、伤害或进攻的意思；guard含有看守的意思；preserve 指采取措施维护、保护、保存。

You must learn to protect yourself from the danger.你必须学会保护自己，免遭危险。

She had to defend herself against the guard dog.她不得不防备看门狗咬她。

A policeman was guarding the entrance to the embassy.一位警察正守卫在大使馆出口处。

It is one of the duties of the police to preserve public order.警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序。

单项填空

Use the umbrella to ___________yourself from the rain.

A. prevent B. protect C. defend D. protection

解析：选B。prevent sb. from doing sth.防止某人干某事，意思类似于stop/keep sb. from doing sth.；protect sb. from sth.保护某人免遭伤害；defend保卫；防护；防守（含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思）。

10. pay attention to 注意

联想拓展

bring sth. to one's attention 使某事引起某人注意

call/draw one's attention to sth. 使某人注意某事

draw/catch/attract one's attention 引起某人的注意

fix/focus/concentrate one's attention on sth.集中注意力于某事物

You should pay attention to your spelling.你要注意自己的拼写。

完成句子

①他的提议没有引起任何注意。

No attention ___________his advice.

②他提醒我注意一些新的证据。

He ___________some new evidence.

答案：①was paid to ②called/drew my attention to

11. come into being 形成；产生（不可用于被动语态或进行时）

联想拓展

come into existence 形成；产生；开始存在

come into effect/force/operation开始生效；开始实施

come into use 开始被使用

come into power上台执政

come into fashion 开始流行

come into office 就职

come into action 开始行动

We do not know when this world came into being. 我们不知道世界是何时形成的。

单项填空

Before the computer ___________ , people could never imagine it could bring about such great changes to human life.

A. came into being B. was discovered

C. was come into being D. was formed

解析：选A。句意为：在电脑出现之前，人们绝不会想到它会给人类的生活带来如此巨大的变化。电脑不能说是"被发现"或"被形成"的，排除B、D两项。come into being不能用于被动语态和进行时，排除C项，故选A。

重点句型

12. Why are they in danger of disappearing? 它们为什么处于灭绝的危险中？

常用结构：

in danger (of) 在危险中

be in danger of 有……的危险

be out of danger 脱离危险

The girl's life was obviously in immediate danger.很明显,这女孩的生命危在旦夕。

The sick man is in danger of death. 这位病人有死亡的危险。

The wounded policeman is now out of danger.受伤的警察已脱离危险。

联想拓展

be a danger to sb./sth. 危险的人/因素 be dangerous for 对……有危险

endanger vt. 危害，危及 endangered adj. 有危险的；濒临灭绝的

完成句子

①他再这样下去会丢掉工作的。

He is ___________ losing his job if he goes on like this.

②警察说这个男人对于公众来说是个危险分子。

The police said the man was ___________the public.

答案： ①in danger of ②a danger to

13. They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans come into being.千百万年前，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多。

long before ...在……之前很长一段时间

I knew the news that they were invited to the party, long before you told me.早在你告诉我之前很久我就知道他们被邀请来参加晚会的消息了。

They have known each other long before I knew them.在我认识他们之前，他们互相认识很久了。

佳句再现

1.where引导定语从句

“Please take me to a distant land __________(在那里我能找到) the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.”

2.so…that…引导结果状语从句,意为“如此……以至于……”.

The flying carpet travelled ___________(那么快以至于) next minute they were in Zimbabwe.

3.as引导方式状语从句,意为“按照……;像……那样”

It shows the importance of wildlife protection,but I'd like to help ___________(按照WWF的建议).

4.before引导时间状语从句,意为“在……之前”

They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago,long ___________(在人类出现以前) and their future seemed secure at that time.

5.the way+定语从句

They learned this from ___________(骨头排列的方式).

答案：1.where I can find　2.so fast that 3.as the WWF suggests

4.before humans came into being

5.the way the bones were joined together

●1 It shows the importance of wildlife protection,but I'd like to help as the WWF suggests.这体现了野生动植物保护的重要性,不过,我还是想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来给予帮助。

句型公式 as引导的方式状语从句

【句式点拨】as引导方式状语从句时,意为“如同……”“按照……的方式(样子,办法)”。常用于“(just) as…so…”和“as+过去分词”结构中。

[温馨提示] suggest 此处意为“建议”,用作此意时,其从句要用虚拟语气,即“(should+)动词原形”;suggest还可作“暗示;表明”讲,用作此意时,其从句要用陈述语气。如:

Jane's pale face suggested that she was ill,and her parents suggested that she (should) have a medical examination. 简苍白的脸表明她生病了,因此她的父母建议她(应该)做个体检。

【活学活用】

(1)Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望他人怎样待你,你就要怎样待他人。

(2)We must do as the teacher tells us (to do). 我们必须按照老师的指示办事。

(3)Owing to the rain the garden party did not take place as advertised.由于下雨,游园会没有按照广告所说的时间举行。

(4)语法填空。

①Just ___________we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.

②The building of the new bridge will go ahead ___________planned.

③She smiled, but her eyes suggested that she ___________(be) not happy at all.

④Recently a friend suggested that we ___________(team) up for a working holiday in Europe in the summer.

●2 They learned this from the way the bones were joined together. 他们是根据(恐龙)骨骼的连接方式了解到这一点的。

句型公式　the way+定语从句

【句式点拨】the bones were joined together为定语从句,修饰先行词the way,相当于省略了that或in which。若定语从句中缺少主语或宾语,则用关系代词that或which;若定语从句中缺少方式状语,则用that或in which,口语中也可以省略。way表示“方式;方法”时,其后还可接不定式或of doing sth的形式。

【活学活用】

(1)I think you hurt his pride by laughing at the way (in which/that) he speaks English.我觉得你嘲笑他说英语的方式伤害了他的自尊心。(作状语可以省略)

(2)Is this the way (which/that) you can imagine to reduce/of reducing air pollution?这是你能想到的减少空气污染的方法吗?(作宾语可以省略)

(3)I don't like the way which/that was taught by our teacher.我不喜欢老师教给我们的方法。(作主语不可省略)

(4)What surprised me was not what he said but ___________it. 使我吃惊的不是他说的内容而是他说话的方式。

(5)语法填空。

①He orders his assistants around in a way ___________is very offensive.

②He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way ___________(make) his classes lively and interesting.

③I'd like to know the way you think of ___________(improve) your handwriting.

答案：●1 (4)①as　②as　③was　④(should)team

●2 (4)the way he said　(5)①that/which　②to make ③to improve