【导语】本站英语四级频道为备考英语四级的同学们整理了2019年12月英语四级高级语法讲解:before的用法,希望可以为大家带来帮助,预祝大家高分通过大学英语四级考试。

  一、可以用作介词


  ⒈)指时间上早于,在……之前,如:


  She has lived here since before the war.


  她从战前就一直在这儿住。


  ⒉)指位置在前面,如:


  We knelt down before Grandma's grave.


  我们在奶奶的墓前跪下。


  ⒊)指顺序或排列在之前,如:


  Your name comes before mine on the list.


  名单上你的名字在我之前。


  ⒋)在某人面前,如:


  She said it before the witness.


  他是当着证人的面说的。


  二、作为连词


  其基本含义是“在……之前”,又可以根据不同语境灵活翻译成“才”、“还没来得及就……”、“趁……”、“就”等。具体用法如下:


  ⒈)与情态动词can/could连用


  这时候从句虽为肯定形式,根据汉语表达习惯译成“还没来得及就”,如:


  Before I could get in a word,he had measured me.


  我还没来得及插话他就为我量好了尺寸。


  Before she could move,she heard a loud noise,which grew to a terribl eroar.


  她还没来得及迈步,就听见一声巨响,接着就是可怕的隆隆轰鸣。


  ⒉)用于肯定句中强调主句所表达的时间,距离长,或花费的精力大,译成“才”


  We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw lands.


  我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。


  We waited a long time before the train arrived.


  我们等了很长时间火车才到。


  ⒊)用于否定句中,强调主句所表达的时间,距离短,或花费的精力小,译成“不到……就”如:


  We hadn't run a mile before he felt tired.


  我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。


  ⒋)主句含有hardly,scarcely等半否定副词时可以译为“刚……就”


  这时候主句应用过去完成时态,从句用过去时,还可以用when替代before如:


  We had scarcely reached the school before/when the bell rang.


  我们刚到学校铃声就响了。


  ⒌)有时还有“宁愿”的意思


  I'd shoot myself before I apologized to him.我宁死也不向他道歉。


  ⒍)用于It+be/take+时间段+before句型


  在这一句型中又可以根据主从句的时态分成两种情况。


  若主句是一般时将来时态,从句是一般现在时.若主句是肯定句意思是“要过多长时间才”;若主句是否定形式翻译成“用不了多久就”。


  It will be two weeks before everything returns to normal.


  两周之后一切才能恢复正常。


  It will be many years before the situation improves.


  这种状况或许要过许多年才能得以改善。


  It won't be long before we meet again.用不了多久我们就会再见面的。


  这时若主句是一般过去时从句也是一般过去时。若主句是肯定句翻译成“多长时间之后才”,若主句是否定形式翻译成“没过多久就”。如:


  It was some time before I realized the truth.


  过了很长一段时间我才了解到 相。


  It wasn't long before she became a brave solider.


  没过多久她就成了一名勇敢的战士。


  After that it still took seven years before they got married.


  他们又过了七年才结婚。


  注意:当主句的谓语动词为延续性动词时,before与until有时可以互换。It was an hour before/until the police arrived.


  巩固练习


  ⒈(2004天津)It was evening ________ we reached the little town of Winchester.


  Athat B.until C.since D.before


  2.(2004全国)Several weeks had gone by ________ realized the painting was missing.


  A.as B.before C.since D.when


  3.(2005广东)The America Civil War lasted four years ______ the North won in the end.


  A.after B.before C.when D.then


  4.(2005山东)It was some time _______ we realized the truth.


  A.when B.until C.since D.before


  5.(2006四川)-Why didn't you tell him about the meeting?


  -He rushed out of the classroom _______ I could say a word.


  A.before B.until C.when D.after


  6.(2006福建)-How long do you think it will be __ china sends a manned spaceship to the moon?


  -Perhaps two or three years.


  Awhen B.until C.that D.before


  参考答案:DBBDAD


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