passively 2015年6月英语四级真题及答案：选词填空

　　Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

　　Question 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

　　It’s our guilty pleasure: Watching TV is the most common everyday activity,after work and sleep, in many parts of the world. Americans view five hours of TV each day, and while we know that spending so much time sitting ___36___ can lead to obesity(肥胖症) and other diseases, researchers have now quantified just how___37___being a couch potato can be.

　　In an analysis of data from eight large ___38___published studies, a Harvard-led group reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association that for every two hours per day spent channel ___39___,the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes(糖尿病)rose 20% over 8.5 years, the risk of heart disease increased 15% over a ___40___, and the odds of dying permaturely___41___ 13% during a seven-year follow-up .All of these___42____are linked to a lack of physical exercise. But compared with other sedentary(久坐的)activities, like knitting ,viewing TV may be especially__43___at promoting unhealthy habits. For one, the sheer number of hours we pass watching TV dwarfs the time we spend on anything else. And other studies have found that watching ads for beer and popcorn may make you more likely to ___44___them.

　　Even so, the authors admit that they didn’t compare different sedentary activities to ___45___whether TV watching was linked to a greater risk of diabetes,heart disease or clearly death compared with, say, reading.

　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

　　A)climbed I)previously

　　B)conseme J)resume

　　C)decade K)suffered

　　D)determine L)suffering

　　E)effectIve M)term

　　F)harmfulN)terminals

　　G)outcomes O)twisting

　　H)passively

　　参考答案：

　　选词填空

　　36. passively

　　解析：sitting passively 被动坐着

　　从词性判断，36题应该选一个副词来修饰sitting这个动名词，而备选项中只有两个副词，一个是passively被动地，一个是previously之前，再根据语义逻辑，坐着那看电视的行为应该是一种被动行为，而不存在前后之分。

　　37. harmful

　　解析：quantified just how harmful being a couch potato 量化长时间看电视的严重危害

　　通过分析how ( ) being a couch potato can be 这句话的句子成分，得出how 这个副词之后应该接一个形容词，符合词性条件的备选项，一个是effective 有效的，一个是harmful有害的。根据语义逻辑，长时间看电视是有害的，故选harmful。

　　38. previously

　　解析： previously published studies 之前公布的研究

　　38题空格处应该填一个副词来修饰published这个词，参考36题的解析，备选项中现在只剩下一个副词就是previously，刚好填入此处。

　　39. surfing

　　解析：spent channel surfing ，直接翻译为在频道冲浪，意译为看电视。这里的channel频道指代television电视;而“surfing冲浪”指代“watching看”，我们经常看到上网常用surfing一词，这里运用了仿词，将“上网冲浪”的surfing借过来用来指“看电视“。以上可以理解为英语中的委婉表达。

　　40. decade

　　解析：increased 15% over a decade 10年增加了15% 。40题后面出现了一个词并列连词and，说明本句存在并列关系。通读此句，40题在over之后应该填一个表示时间的名词，这样才能和前文over 8.5.years 与后文during a seven-year 　　follow up 形成并列，备选项中只有decade符合条件。

　　41. climbed

　　解析：the odds …climbed 13% 几率增加了13% 。解析同40题，根据and所指向的并列关系，前文说某一种风险增加了20%，某一种风险的增加了15%，此处空格也应该填一个表示上升的动词，备选项只有climbed，爬升。

　　42. outcomes

　　解析：all of these outcomes 所有这些后果。 此题填outcomes，是对前文各种疾病风险的概括。

　　43. effective

　　解析：be especially effective at promoting unhealthy habits 更容易形成不健康的习惯。be effective at doing 有效做某事。这里是讽刺用法，用来强调看电视更容易形成不健康的习惯。

　　44. consume

　　解析：make you more likely to consume them 使你更有可能吃他们，这里注意them指前文出现的beer啤酒和popcorn爆米花，又能表示喝啤酒，又能表示吃爆米花的词只有consume。consume消费，也只吃喝(东西)。

　　45. determine

　　解析：通过句法分析，本句应该填写动词原形，放在to 不定式符号之后。备选项中有3个动词原形，其中consume已经填在了44题，在剩下的resume恢复和determine决定之间，根据语义，应选择determine。