【.民国银元】精品推荐—民国经典银币

清朝灭亡后，1912年4月袁世凯成为大总统。北洋政府考虑到当时铸币和纸币非常复杂，流通的中外币货币超过100种，规格不同，流通混乱，换算繁琐，民众积怨，希望通过货币改造解决军备问题，决定铸造菊花。

孙中山头像中华民国开国纪念币（俗称“小孙头”或者“孙小头”）来历，至1911年底辛亥革命之后，1912年1月3日，中华民国政府成立，由于币制尚未建立，除四川改铸大汉银币，福建改铸中华元宝外，主要的造币厂，大都仍沿用前清钢模铸造银币，以供流通需要。图案采用大总统孙中山肖像，以后的通用银币再改花纹式样。孙中山令财政部行文，同意鼓铸纪念币，并命令其余的通用银币新花纹，“中间应绘五谷模型，取丰岁足民之义，垂劝农务本之规”，训令财政部速制新模，分令各省造币厂照式鼓铸。不久，财政部就颁下新模给江南(南京)、湖北、广东等造币厂依式铸造，这就是“中华民国孙中山像开国纪念币”的由来。

袁大头"银币的正面图案，中间为袁世凯侧面像，民国九年袁大头，背面图案均是两株交叉的稻穗，中央为"壹圆"字样，背面铸嘉禾纹饰与币值，袁大头的官版的成色为89.1%;该币的外环主要是直齿边，此币为经典银币，升值稳定。

孙中山头像中华民国开国纪念币银元，正面中央为孙中山侧面肖像，边缘内上镌中文隶书体“中华民国”4字、下镌“开国纪念币”5字、左右长枝花饰。背面中央为中文隶书体“壹圆”及嘉禾，边缘英文“中华民国”、“壹圆”，左右分列五角星(后改为六角星)。直线边齿，成色89%，俗称“小头”。该币作为中华民国国币发行。中华民国孙像开国纪念币银元，由于铸造厂家不一，铸造年代不同，雕刻师英语水平不高，除正背面主要图案未变外，其花饰细节、英文字母均有变异，特别是英文字母差错较多。这就形成了该币的多种版别。传世较广的主要有两种：一种是五角星版式，一种是六角星版式。

背嘉禾二本，左右交互，下系结带，中铸“壹圆”二字。这些年，在银元收藏界，有一个名字，始终不乏耳闻，那就是“袁大头”，特别是这几年，随着金银价格走强以及市场的火爆，许多老银元的市场价格都有了多倍的涨幅，其中部分版本特殊，品相良好，存世稀少的珍品，更是不可估量。

嘉禾”，美禾，茁壮之禾，硕大之禾，祥瑞之禾也。东汉许慎《说文》云：“禾，嘉谷也。以二月而种，八月始熟，得时之中，故谓之禾。”王充《论衡·讲瑞篇》云：“嘉禾生于禾中，与禾中异穗，谓之嘉禾。”古人多以“嘉禾”为祥瑞之物，与甘露醴泉并称。如班固《汉书·公孙弘传》云：“甘露降，风雨时，嘉禾兴。”也就是生长得特别茁壮的禾稻，古人视嘉禾图案为吉祥的象征。

在中国钱币上就有嘉禾图案，现在国徽上就有，最典型的嘉禾纹样就是“袁大头”上的背后的嘉禾图案。

这二枚钱币包浆自然，底光柔和，所谓包浆是自然形成的氧化层，也有人为手盘包浆，两者不同，但同时都有保护钱币的功能，有如给钱币镀上一层保护膜，使钱币不再氧化，便于收藏传世，如果觉得钱币脏，可以用清水洗，再用棉布擦干，不要破坏包浆，破坏了包浆就相当于破坏了保护层，更重要的是包浆是鉴定新老钱币最简单有效的方法。细看这二枚钱币品相完美，没有磕缺，损毁，变形等是不可多得的收藏级钱币，建议收藏，传世。

英文翻译：After the fall of the Qing Dynasty, Yuan Shikai became president in April 1912. In view of the complexity of coinage and paper money at that time, there were more than 100 kinds of Chinese and foreign currencies in circulation with different specifications, chaotic circulation, cumbersome conversion, and resentment among the public, the Beiyang government also wanted to solve the military expenditure problem by means of currency reform, so it decided to coin and issue national currency. Yuan Shikai in order to enhance his dominance, his head cast on the currency, "Yuan Datou" from this.

Sun yat-sen, head of the republic of China the founding COINS (commonly known as "note" or "little sun") origin, after the end of 1911 the revolution, on January 3, 1912, the government of the republic of China was founded, because of the monetary system has not yet been established, in addition to remold the big fellow of sichuan silver COINS, outside fujian remold the wing, the main mint, mostly still continue to use the clearance die casting silver COINS, For circulation. The pattern adopts the portrait of Sun Yat-sen, the great president, and then the general silver coin will change the pattern. Sun Yat-sen ordered the Ministry of Finance to approve the casting of commemorative coins, and ordered the new pattern of the rest of the general silver coins, "the grain model should be drawn in the middle, to take the righteousness of the abundant age and the people, and to urge the rules of agricultural affairs." He ordered the Ministry of Finance to make new models quickly, and ordered the mint in each province to cast drums according to the pattern. Soon, the Ministry of Finance awarded new models to jiangnan (Nanjing), Hubei, Guangdong and other mints according to the style of casting, which is the origin of "the founding commemorative coin of the statue of Sun Yat-sen of the Republic of China".

Yuan Datou "silver coin front pattern, the middle is yuan Shikai's profile, Yuan Datou in the nine years of the Republic of China, the back pattern are two crossed rice ears, the center is the word" one circle ", the back cast Jiahe decoration and currency value, Yuan Datou's official version of the color is 89.1%; The outer ring of the coin is mainly straight tooth edge. This coin is a classic silver coin with stable appreciation.

Sun Yat-sen's head is the silver dollar, the founding commemorative coin of the Republic of China. The front center is sun Yat-sen's profile portrait, and the edge is inscribed with the Chinese official script "Republic of China" 4 words, the next engraved with the "founding commemorative coin" 5 words, and the left and right long branches. The center of the back is the Chinese official script "one circle" and jiahe, the edge of the English "Republic of China", "one circle", left and right separate five-pointed stars (later changed to six-pointed stars). Straight edge teeth, 89% color, commonly known as "small head". The currency is issued as the national currency of the Republic of China. The republic of China sun like founding commemorative coin silver dollar, due to different casting manufacturers, casting in different years, the English level of engravers is not high, in addition to the front and back of the main pattern has not changed, the decorative details, English letters have variations, especially the English letters are more errors. This has resulted in multiple versions of the coin. There are two main types handed down widely: one is the five-pointed star format, one is the six-pointed star format.

Back jiahe two, left and right interaction, the next knot belt, casting "one circle" two words. Over the years, in the silver collection area, has a name, is not always hear, that is "big head" yuan, especially in recent years, as the gold and silver price strength and market, and many there were more than the market price of the old silver dollar rise, some of these special version, good appearance, only rare treasures, is immeasurable.

Jiahe ", The United States wo, healthy wo, huge wo, auspicious wo also. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xu Shen said in His book Shuo Wen, "Wo, Jia Gu also. In February and planted, August ripening, when the middle, so called wo." Wang Chong "on balance · tell Rui" cloud: "Jiahe was born in wo, and different ears in wo, that jiahe." The ancients to "jiahe" auspicious things, and Ganlu ashamed quan said. Such as Ban Gu "Book of Han · Gongsun Hong Biography" cloud: "The dew fell, wind and rain, Jiahe xing." That is, the rice that grows very strong and strong, the ancients regarded jiahe pattern as a symbol of good luck.

Jiahe pattern is found on Chinese coins, and now it is found on the national emblem. The most typical Jiahe pattern is the jiahe pattern on the back of "Yuan Datou".

End of the second coin patina nature, light is downy, so-called wrapped slurry is a natural formation of the oxide layer, also some people to hand wrapped slurry, the two different, but at the same time have to protect the function of money, like a plated coin on a layer of protective film, make money no longer oxidation, facilitate collection handed down from ancient times, if feel money is dirty, can wash, reoccupy cloth wipe, do not destroy the wrapped slurry, The destruction of patina is equivalent to the destruction of the protective layer, and more importantly, patina is the simplest and effective way to identify new and old coins. Look closely at the two coins with perfect appearance, no damage, damage, deformation, etc., is a rare collection of coins, it is recommended to collect, handed down.