【东非猎犬】中东的猎鹰文化，不止有鹰，还有猎狗比赛

4000多年前，在阿拉伯联合酋长国和广阔的阿拉伯半岛上的贝都因人开始用鹰在这片资源贫瘠的土地上狩猎。

然而随着时间的推移，鹰在社会中的作用发生了变化，今天已经成为了海湾国家比较光荣的一项传统运动。

For 4,000 years, Bedouin in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and wider Arabian Peninsula practiced falconry as an important form of hunting in a resource-scarce land. Its role in society, however, has changed over time, and today it is one of the Gulf Contries’ most honoured traditional sports.

老鹰狩猎的崇高地位源于其所具备的精神-勇气，荣誉以及高贵 - 非常重要的传统阿拉伯观念 - 同运动相关联，同样也和环境保护相关联，尊重动物以及鹰之间的同志友情。

Falconry’s revered status derives from the sense of courage, honour and nobility – prized traditional Arab values – that are associated with the sport, as well as its links to nature conservation, respect for animals and the comradery among falconers.

曾经，阿联酋鹰协会主席说过：“老鹰狩猎活动让我们的孩子享受着沙漠的神秘力量，给他们灌输耐心和刚毅，意志力和友谊，这些品质在过去很重要，在当今社会依然很重要。”

“Falconry allows our children to enjoy the spell of the desert, imbuing them with the virtues of patience and fortitude, willpower and companionship, values that are just as important today, as they have been for generations,” says His Highness Sheikh Hamdan bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Chairman of the Emirates Falconers’ Club.

训练

TRAINING

训练包括训练鹰的猛扑和攻击带羽毛的假饵，教练用一个绳子拴住这个假饵。当鹰俯冲抓假饵的时候，教练立刻撤走。就这样一次又一次的，老鹰不断地尝试直到能够抓到为止。

Training involves teaching the falcon to swoop down and attack a feathered training decoy that is tied to a string and controlled by the trainer. As the bird swoops to catch the decoy, the trainer pulls it away. Done time and again, the bird learns to make repeated attempts until it catches its target.

当老鹰具备活物训练的能力的时候，就会用到鸽子。

When the bird is ready for live practice, pigeons are used to complete the training.

不管是在训练过程中还是在狩猎运动中都需要极大的耐心，要用心去理解自己的鹰。这在鹰和自己的主人间建立起一种特有的情节和语言，有益于教授同这项运动相关的重要价值。

Both the training process and the sport of hunting requires patience and an understanding of the falconer’s bird. This builds a unique bond and special language between falcon and falconer, and helps teach the important values associated with the sport.

装备

EQUIPMENT

训鹰人用的特殊装备，包括皮子的罩，鹰不飞的时候就会用这个盖住它的眼睛。木托，是一个宽的平板下面木棍，这样可以方便插在沙子里，老鹰可以站在上面。

Falconers use special handmade equipment, including a leather hood to cover the head and eyes of the falcon when it is not flying. A wooden stand used as a perch for the bird is comprised of a wide flat top attached to stick that can easily be stuck into sand.

皮子的护臂套，猎鹰人带上它，训练时老鹰可以站在上面。

A leather forearm guard is worn by the falconer as a perch for the bird between hunting and training flights.

如今，还有一个非常重要的装置：GPS，绑在鹰的腿上。这很重要，不但是因为可以跟踪鹰的位置，还因为鹰的价值很高，某些鹰的价格高达2万美元，在今年10月，沙特的鹰猎活动中，最高的记录是53600美元，约合人民币34万。

Today, an essential piece of equipment is the GPS beacon attached to the bird’s leg. This is important, not only because of the bond between falconer and bird, but also because these birds can be quite valuable, with certain birds worth more than AED 73,500 (US$ 20,000)

沙特2021拍卖价格最高的鹰-53600美元

卡塔尔第13届国际鹰隼和狩猎节已经在周六（2022年1月1日）在Sealine的Sbkhat Marmi开幕。

The competitions of the 13th edition of Qatar International Falcons and Hunting (Marmi 2022) were launched Saturday at Sbkhat Marmi in the Sealine Area.

这次盛会在Joaan Bin Hamad Al-Thani阁下的赞助下顺利召开，将持续到1月29日。这次竞赛也是为了让祖先遗留的传统和遗产保持生命活力而举办的重大文化活动之一。很多年轻人也积极地参加了这次节日盛会。

The event, which will go on until January 29, is being held under the patronage of HE Sheikh Joaan bin Hamad al-Thani. The competitions are described as a major cultural activity that keeps the traditions and heritage of the ancestors alive. Many young people are actively participating in all the events of the festival.

这次盛会不仅是卡塔尔地区性的盛会，也有很多其他海湾国家的选手参赛。 赛事中一般也不止有猎鹰的比赛，根据以往的比赛情况，还有猎狗的比赛。

Sealine位于多哈南部，梅赛易德地区，交通方便，在卡的华人可以前往参加免费观看。