【.隋朝】专题历史上的一颗流星—隋朝

历史的流星-隋朝

隋朝的影响

隋朝是中国历史上一个较短的时代，但这个时代却具有重要的历史地位，对历史的发展产生了巨大的影响。

隋朝由公元581年到公元618年，享国38年，只经历了隋文帝杨坚和隋炀帝杨广两任帝王。隋朝虽然只存在了38年，但是隋朝结束了中国自西晋以来长达三百年之久的分裂，使在以后的多个世纪中都保持着隋朝的统一，隋朝在政治文化上的变革对产生了较大的影响。

The Sui Dynasty is a relatively short era in Chinese history, but this era has an important historical position and has a great influence on the development of history. The Sui Dynasty ran from 581 AD to 618 AD, and enjoyed the country for 38 years. It only experienced two emperors, Emperor Wen Yang of the Sui Dynasty, Yang Jian and Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, Yang Guang. Although the Sui Dynasty only existed for 38 years, the Sui Dynasty ended the 300-year-long split of China since the Western Jin Dynasty, and maintained the unity of the Sui Dynasty for many centuries. The Sui Dynasty was political and cultural. The changes have had a greater impact.

开创盛世开皇之治

隋朝的开国皇帝隋文帝杨坚，倡导节俭，废除了一些不必要的苛捐杂税并设置了谷仓储藏粮食，大大的保障了国家持有的粮食数量，使国家在面对一些天灾时，可以较快的治理灾祸。在政治上，隋文帝采取了许多有利于巩固政权的措施，进一步加强了中央集权，使皇帝的权利进一步的提高。在经济方面，沿袭北魏的均田制，定丁男分田八十亩、永业田二十亩。妇女则分四十亩，又减免徭役、轻徭薄赋，大大的减轻了当时百姓的压力，让社会经济能够在经历三百年之久的战乱后得到较好的恢复。同时，隋文帝借鉴了南北朝晚期突厥强大的军事力量，以及其不时骚扰北周北齐的行为，攻打突厥，采用离间分化的策略，促使突厥分为东西两部，彼此交战，解决了隋朝北方的问题。军事实力进一步的加强，使国家和人民处在一个和平的时代。

The founding emperor of the Sui Dynasty, Emperor Wen of Sui, Yang Jian, advocated frugality, abolished some unnecessary taxes and set up grain storage to store grain, which greatly guaranteed the amount of grain held by the country, so that the country can be faster in the face of some natural disasters. Of governance disasters. In politics, Emperor Wen of Sui took many measures conducive to the consolidation of the political power, further strengthened the centralization of power, and further improved the emperor's power. In terms of economy, following the Northern Wei Dynasty's equalization system, Dingnan was divided into 80 acres of land and 20 acres of Yongye land. Women were divided into 40 acres, and corvee and levies were reduced, which greatly reduced the pressure on the people at that time and enabled the social economy to recover better after the 300-year war. At the same time, Emperor Wen of the Sui drew lessons from the powerful military forces of the Turks in the late Southern and Northern Dynasties, as well as their behaviors of harassing the Northern Zhou and Northern Qi from time to time, attacked the Turks, adopted the strategy of division and division, urged the Turks to be divided into two parts, fighting with each other, and solved the problem of the northern Sui Dynasty. . The further strengthening of military strength has put the country and people in an era of peace.

学术在隋朝也得到了较好的发展，隋文帝提倡文教，广求图书，由于多年的战乱使书籍的数量大大减少，为了找到这些图书，隋文帝下诏求书，付出巨大代价换来众多藏书，使隋朝的藏书达三万余卷，大大的加强了世人对先人知识的继承。为了广招天下英才，隋文帝废除了魏晋南北朝晚期的九品中正制的选官制度，采用分科考试的方法选拔人才，使平民百姓也可以当上官员。影响中国两千年之久的科举制的萌芽在此产生，魏晋崩坏的礼乐也在这之中渐渐被制定，恢复了中华文化正统的地位。

Academics also developed well in the Sui Dynasty. Emperor Wen advocated culture and education and sought books. The number of secretaries was greatly reduced due to years of war. In order to find these books, Emperor Wen issued an edict and paid a huge price in exchange for many books. The collection of books made the Sui Dynasty's collection of more than 30,000 volumes, which greatly strengthened the world's inheritance of the knowledge of the ancestors. In order to recruit talents from all over the world, Emperor Wen of the Sui abolished the nine-rank Zhongzheng system in the late Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and adopted the method of divisional examinations to select talents so that ordinary people can also become officials. The sprout of the imperial examination system, which has influenced China for two thousand years, was born here, and the rites and music that collapsed in the Wei and Jin Dynasties were gradually formulated in this process, restoring the orthodox status of Chinese culture.

二世而亡

但是他的继任者好大喜功，多次发动战争，并召集大量百姓修建大运河，使隋朝的国力大大下降，最后导致了隋朝的灭亡。

However, his successor was so happy that he launched wars many times and summoned a large number of people to build the Grand Canal, which greatly reduced the national power of the Sui Dynasty and finally led to the demise of the Sui Dynasty.

历史规律

在某一方面来说，秦朝和隋朝有着较高的相似度。第一、秦朝统一六国，建立了较为完善的中央集权政治制度，这一制度被汉朝延续，使汉朝能够持续百年之久；隋朝统一了南北朝，结束了中原三百年的分裂，并建立了三公九卿制度，被后世多个朝代所沿用，唐朝也延续了多个隋朝的制度。第二、这两个朝代的开国君王都可以说是千古明君，无论是秦始皇还是隋文帝都开创了全新的制度，都对中国历史产生了很大的影响，改变了中国历史的进程。第三、他们都修建了宏大的建筑，秦始皇下令修建了长城，他对中华民族抵御外族侵略有着重要的意义；隋炀帝下令修建的大运河，绵延1000多公里，至今仍然是我国内陆河运输的主要干线，连接了南北水利，使经济，交通得到了巨大的改善。第四、两个朝代都是二代而亡，继任者没有足够的能力掌握住这个王国，并且都过于的自我化，以自己为主。并且，这两个朝代之后都有一个强大的朝代，几乎继承了秦隋两朝设立的制度，并加以完善。

In one respect, the Qin Dynasty and the Sui Dynasty have a high degree of similarity. First, the Qin Dynasty unified the six countries and established a relatively complete centralized political system. This system was continued by the Han Dynasty, enabling the Han Dynasty to last for a hundred years; the Sui Dynasty unified the Northern and Southern Dynasties and ended the 300-year history of the Central Plains. It was split and established the system of San Gong and Jiu Qing, which was used by many later dynasties, and the Tang Dynasty also continued the system of many Sui dynasties. Second, the founding kings of these two dynasties can be said to be eternal kings. Both Emperor Qin Shihuang and Emperor Wen of Sui created new systems, which had a great influence on Chinese history and changed the course of Chinese history. Third, they all built magnificent buildings. Qin Shihuang ordered the construction of the Great Wall, which is of great significance for the Chinese nation to resist foreign aggression. The Grand Canal, which was ordered by Emperor Sui Yang to build more than 1,000 kilometers, is still our inland river. The main transportation route connects the north and south water conservancy, which greatly improves the economy and transportation. Fourth, the two dynasties died in the second generation, and the successors did not have enough ability to control the kingdom, and both were too self-centered and self-centered. Moreover, after these two dynasties there was a powerful dynasty, which almost inherited and improved the system established by the Qin and Sui dynasties.

参考资料：百度百科

翻译：Google翻译

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