【用高中必修二第三单英语作文】人教版高中英语必修2 (Book 2 Unit 3)

第3单元计算机

关键词

1.共同的、普遍的；常见

通用结构：

In common共享，公共(在句子中多用作副词)

have nothing/little/a lot/something in common(with)sb。与某人没有共同点

与In common with.相同的

通用传感器/知识文库常识

Common welfare公共福利

混合差异化common/ordinary/usual/normal

Common的意思是“共享，公共”。共同的；共同的“常见”。反义词是rare。

Common在进行“普通”讲座时可以和ordinary交换。像“普通人”这样的东西也可以说是common people。

Ordinary的意思是“平凡平淡”，没有特别的地方。

Usual的意思是“普通、普通、总是”，包含着惯例的意思。

Normal的意思是“正常”。

Jane and I have nothing in common。

=I have nothing in common with Jane。我和简没有共同点。

the problems are common to all societies。这些问题是所有社会的通病。

In common with many young people，he prefers pop songs。和很多年轻人一样，他喜欢流行歌曲。

He is in ordinary clothes。他穿着普通的衣服。

We meet every day at the usual place。我们每天平时在那里见面。

填写单独的空格

Harry visited the book store every week . he became such a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ custook

A.common B. normal C. usual D. average

分析：选择c。正如《Harry Visited the Book Store Every Week》所示，他是常客，含有“习惯、惯例”的意思，所以选择了C。

Signal n .信号；手势；手势。声音；声音。密码v .发送信号，作为信号传递。通信

a red light is usually a signal for/of danger。红灯通常是危险的信号。

he signaled(to)the waiter to bring the menu。他指示侍者把菜单拿来。

通用结构：

Signal to sb。/sth。for sth。以信号传递(信息)；用信号与(某人)通信

Signal with.使用.发出信号

翻译文章

铁路上的信号灯亮了，火车停了。他用红旗传递信号。

答： the railway signal was on red，so the train stopped。

He was signalling with a red flag。

3.sum n .金额；钱；钱。总数算术问题

通用结构：

In sum简而言之；总之

Sum up/sum sth。Up摘要；概括

He was fined the sum of 200$。他被罚款200美元。

The sum of 5 and 3 is 8。五加三的和是八。

To sum up，there are three main ways of solving the problem。综上所述，这个问题有三种主要的解决方法。

4.阿里斯六世。(arose，arisen)出现并发生。起来，起来。

A new difficulty has arisen。出现了新的困难。

Accident arise from carelessness。粗心经常引起事故。

He arose at dawn。他黎明开始了。

通用结构：

Arise from/out of.是由引起的。在.生成

翻译文章

晚上有暴风雨。

沟通不足导致了问题。

答案：A storm arose during the night。

problems have arisen out of the lack of communication .

5.anyhow adv .(也用anyway)

不管怎样，无论如何；反正；即使如此

联想拓展

somehow adv. 以某种方式, 用某种方法；不知怎么地

somewhat adv.有点，稍微

He told me not to buy it, but I bought it anyhow.他告诉我不要买它，但不管怎样，我还是买了。

It may snow, but anyhow I will go to the town.可能要下雪,但无论如何我都要进城。

We must get the work finished somehow by tomorrow morning.我们必须设法在明天早上以前把工作做完。

Somehow we lost our way.不知怎么地我们迷路了。

My jacket is somewhat like yours.我的夹克与你那件有点相似。

(1)单项填空

—You don't seem to be quite yourself today. What's wrong?

—Oh, I'm suffering from a cold. Nothing serious, ______________.

A. yet B. indeed C. anyhow D. though

(2)完成句子

①我对这个工作有点厌倦了。

I am ______________tired of this work.

②不知怎么地,他害怕她。

______________he was afraid of her.

③他无论如何也不能使她信服。

He couldn't convince her ______________.

解析： (1) 选D。此处表达"转折"，意思是"然而"。 (2)①somewhat ②Somehow ③anyhow

6. personally adv. 就个人而言；亲自

联想拓展

personally意为"就个人而言"时的同义短语：

in my opinion／as far as I'm concerned

in my view／for my part

as far as I can see／from my point of view ／for my perspective

The owner of the hotel welcomed us personally. 这家旅馆的主人亲自接待了我们。

Personally (speaking), I think he is a very good man, but you may not agree. 就个人而言, 我认为他是个很好的人, 但也许你不这么认为。

完成句子

①She said she didn't like Tom, but ______________（就个人而言）, I thought he was an honest boy, though sometimes careless.

② ______________（幸好）, the planes appear to be quite safe.

③ ______________（自然地），their ideas are important to everyone in the country.

④ ______________ (高兴的是) for him, his stepmother was kind to him.

⑤ ______________（出人意料的）, he failed the exam.

答案： ①personally ②Luckily/Fortunately ③Naturally ④Happily ⑤Surprisingly

7. goal n. 球门；(进球)得分；目标；目的

常用结构：

score/kick a goal 踢进一球；得一分

keep goal 守球门

life goal/one's goal in life 生活目标

achieve/realize one's goal 实现目标

He headed the ball into an open goal. 他乘虚把球顶入球门

We won by three goals to one.我们以三比一获胜。

You'd better set a goal before you start.开始前，你最好设定一个目标。

翻译句子

①他已经实现了他的目标。

②我的人生目标是帮助他人。

答案：①He has achieved his goal.

②My goal in life is to help others.

重点短语

8. in a way在某种程度上（表示对情况的态度）

联想拓展

in a way=in one way=in some ways

in the way 挡道；造成阻碍

in one way 在某方面

in some ways 在某些方面

in no way 决不，无论如何都不（位于句首时构成倒装）

on one's way to在去……的路上

by the way顺便说一下

in any way在任何方面

in every way在各方面

give way (to sb./sth.)屈服；让步

lose one's way 迷路

(there is) no way 不可能；没门

by way of 经过；经由

in the way和in one's way两个短语含义相同，都含"挡住去路；碍事"之意。

In a way, it's kind of nice to be studying alone.在某种程度上讲，独自一个人学习相当不错。

单项填空

I can't see the word on the blackboard. Your head is ______________.

A. on the way B. in a way

C. by the way D. in the way

解析：选D。in the way和in one's way均表示"挡住去路；碍事"之意。故D项符合句意。

9. go by

经过;（时间）过去；依照，靠……判断

联想拓展

go against 违背；对……不利

go without 勉强维持，凑合;没有……而将就

go in for 爱好；参加；从事

go over 复习;仔细审查

go ahead 进行；发生；（尤指经某人允许）开始做

go through 通过；经历，经受；查看，调查

go out 出去；熄灭

go off 离开，出发；爆发，突然响起；停止；熄灭

go up 上升

go down 下降

He went by his teacher without even a greeting.他从老师身边经过时连声招呼也没打。

As time went by/With time going by, he has changed a lot.随着时光流逝，他已经改变了许多。

Don't go by that old map—it has been out of date.别参照那张旧地图，它已经过时了。

You can't always go by appearances.你不能总是凭外表来判断。

用所给短语的适当形式填空

go in for/go off/go through/go without

①The new law did not ______________.

②I am ______________an entrance examination next year.

③There's no money for a holiday this year; we'll just have to ______________.

④He didn't wake up even though the alarm ______________.

答案：①go through ②going in for ③go without ④went of

10. as a result 结果，因此

联想拓展

as a result of 由于……；作为……的结果

as a consequence 结果

in consequence 结果

in consequence of 由于

result from由……引起；由于（意思等同于lie in）

result in结果；导致（意思等同于lead to）

He made a big mistake, and, as a result, lost his job. 他犯了个大错，结果丢了工作。

He didn't pass the exam as a result of his carelessness.他由于粗心而没有通过考试。

His success results from his hard work. 他的成功源于自身的努力。

Acting before thinking always results in failure. 做事之前不加考虑总会导致失败。

(1)单项填空

He fell ______________the bike and broke his leg as .

A. down; result B. off; a result

C. onto; a result of D. to; a result of

(2)完成句子

①由于大雪，他迟到了。

He was late ______________the heavy snow.

②因此，我们不得不给菜地浇水。

______________ , we have to water the vegetable garden.

③他考试不及格是由于粗心造成的。

His failure in the exam ______________ his carelessness.

④这场意外事故造成两人死亡。

The accident ______________the death of two people.

解析：(1) 选B。fall off意思是"从……上掉下来"；as a result的意思是"因而；结果"。

(2)①as a result of ②As a result ③resulted from ④resulted in

11. make up 化妆；化装；捏造，虚构（故事，诗等）

联想拓展

make up for 补偿

be made up of=consist of 由……组成

make for 有利于做成某事，有助于做成某事；走向；冲向

make it 及时赶到；成功

make it up 和解；讲和

make known 使知晓；传达

make out 理解；懂得；辨认出

She spent an hour making (herself) up before the party.她在聚会前用了一个小时化妆。

Stop making things up! 不要胡编了!

(1)单项填空

In Singapore, a southeastern Asian country, the Chinese people ______________the largest percentage of its population, so you can speak Chinese there.

A. make up B. take up C. hold up D. turn up

(2)完成句子

①讲究卫生有助于身体健康。

Cleanliness ______________ good health.

②我们需要50美元以补足所需要的数目。

We need $50 to ______________ the sum required.

③那位经理的字迹很难辨认。

It was difficult to ______________the manager's handwriting.

解析： (1) 选A。考查短语辨析。make up意为"编造，弥补，组成，构成"；take up意为"拿起来，占据(时间或空间)"；hold up意为"阻止"；turn up意为"开大，调高，出现"。

(2)①makes for ②make up ③make out

12. after all毕竟，终究

联想拓展

at all 根本，完全；到底，究竟；既然

not at all 一点也不

in all 总共，共计

above all 首先；最重要的是

first of all 首先

all in all 总之

Don't get discouraged by setbacks, we are new to the work after all.别因挫折而灰心,毕竟我们不熟悉这项工作。

He did come after all. 他终究还是来了。

单项填空

①The hurricane damaged many houses and business buildings; ______________, it caused 20 deaths.

A. or else B. therefore C. after all D. besides

②I'd like to buy a house—modern, comfortable, and ______________in a quiet neighborhood.

A. in all B. above all C. after all D. at all

解析： ①选D。由语境逻辑可以推出该空表示"另外，除此之外"，只有D项与句意相符。

②选B。考查"介词＋all"的短语辨析。句意为：我想买一座房子——时尚、舒适，最重要的是社区要安静。in all 总共；above all最重要的是；after all 毕竟；at all根本。

13. deal with 处理；安排；对付

易混辨析 do with/deal with

表示"怎样处理"时，do with常与连接代词what连用，而deal with常与连接副词how连用。

这两个短语在意思上有细微的差别。一般来说，do with意为"处置；忍受；相处；有关"等。

deal with意义很广，意为"对付；应付；处理；安排；论述；涉及；与……打交道/做生意"等。

How are you going to deal with the problem? 你们打算怎样处理这个问题呢？

Such man is difficult to deal with. 这种人不容易相处。

I've dealt with him for ten years.我和他做生意已经10年了。

This book deals with the Middle East.这本书是关于中东问题的。

He didn't know what to do with the property his father had left. 他不知道如何处理他父亲留下的财产。

I can't do with the loud noise. 我无法忍受那种噪音。

单项填空

①It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows ______________.

A. it what to do with B. what to do it with

C. what to do with it D. to do what with it

②He knows ______________to deal with man but when he meets women, he doesn't know ______________to do.

A. what; how B. what; what C. how; what D. how; how

解析： ①选C。what to do (with it)为固定结构，意为"如何处理……"，意思等同于how to deal (with it)。"疑问词+不定式"作knows的宾语。

②选C。作"对待，处理"讲时，do with 和deal with同义，deal with与how搭配，do with与what搭配。

14. watch over 看守；监视；照看

Could you watch (over) my clothes while I have a swim?我游泳时你能帮我看着我的衣服吗？

He felt that God was watching over him.他感觉到上帝保佑着他。

watch out (for) 当心，注意

watch for sb./sth. 观察；等待

keep a watch on 监视

under the close watch 在严密监视下

翻译句子

①他们等待着进一步的发展。

②小心！汽车来了。

答案： ①They are watching for further developments.

②Watch out! There's a car coming.

重点句型

15.I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.我发育非常缓慢,差不多到了两百年之后,查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。

句型公式

It takes some time before…过了一段时间之后才……

【句式点拨】

before 引导时间状语从句时,用以表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前,译法灵活。

(1)强调主句动作发生在从句之前,意为“不等……就……”。

(2)在“It+be+时间段+before从句”中,意为“……之后才……”。

(3)在“It+be+否定形式+long+before从句”中,意为“……不久就……”。

(4)在特定的情景中,意为“趁着……”。

【易混辨析】

It is+时间+since/before/when…

It is+时间段+since… “自从……以来有一段时间了”

It is+时间段+before… “在……之前有一段时间”

It is+时间点+when… “当……的时候时间是……”

【活学活用】

(1)It will not be long before we know the result of the experiment.要不了多久我们就会知道试验的结果了。

(2)Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone!还未弄明白是怎么回事,尼古拉斯就迷路了,变成了独自一人!

(3)It is three days since I received your letter. 我收到你的来信已经有三天了。

(4)It was midnight when the train passed through Shenyang.火车行经沈阳的时候,已是半夜了。

(5)用before/when/since填空。

①It was not long ______________he learned to use the computer.

②Time passed quickly and three weeks went by______________we knew it.

③It has been a few decades______________the computer came into being.

④Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break ______________she got to her office.

答案：①before　②before　③since　④when

16.As time went by,I was made smaller.随着时间的流逝,我被做得更小了。

句型公式　as time went by=with time going by 随着时间的流逝

【句式点拨】as在此句中用作连词,意为“随着”,引导时间状语从句。介词with也有此意,但with是介词,后接名词或代词,构成with短语或with的复合结构。

[温馨提示] as引导时间状语从句时,强调主句、从句动作同时进行,常表示“一边……,一边……”之意;when可用作并列连词,表示“这时(突然)”;while也可以用作并列连词,表示“而”“却”(表示对比)。

【活学活用】

(1)As years go by (=With years going by),China is getting stronger and richer.随着时间一年年地过去,中国变得越来越富强了。

(2)The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases.随着高度的增加,大气越来越稀薄。

(3)The little girls sang as they went.小姑娘们一边走,一边唱。

(4)用as/with/when/while填空。

① ______________time goes by my memory seems to get worse.

② ______________winter coming on, it's time to buy warm clothes.

③I was just about to go to bed ______________I heard a knock on the door.

④One person may like to spend his vacation at the seashore, ____________another may prefer the mountains.

答案：①As　②With　③when　④while

17. Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told！随着时间的推移，我的记忆能力发展得如此之快，就像一头大象一样，我从来不会忘记告诉我的任何事情！

句型公式 so/such…that…“如此……以至于……”

【句式点拨】

so/such…that引导结果状语从句,意为“如此……以至于……”,常用于以下句式中:

(1)so+形容词(副词或分词)+that从句

(2)so+形容词+a(n)+单数名词+that从句

(3)so+that从句

(4)“so+状语”置于句首时,主句要部分倒装。

【活学活用】

(1)There were so many people in the street that we could hardly make our way out of the crowds.

街上有许多人以至于我们在人群里举步维艰。

(2)There was so little water left that only little children were given some.

剩下的水不多了,因此只给小孩分了一些。