(一) 连词

(1)表挑选关联或对等关系的连词:either…or…,neither…nor, or, as well as…, and, both…and…。

(2)表逻辑关系或对等关系的连词:therefore, so, as a result, as the result of …,because of, due to …,owing to, thanks to等。

(3)表先后顺序的连词:the moment, as soon as, at first, then, later, meanwhile, at the beginning, in the end, before long, for the first(second…)time, the minute等。

(4)表转折关系的连词:yet, and yet, but , while, on the contrary, on the other hand, however, at the same time(殊不知)等。

(5)表解释说明的连词:that is, that is to say, in other words, such as, for instance, and so on, etc. and the like等。

(6)表递进关系的连词:not only…but (also), what,s more, what's worse, besides, in addition, worse still, moreover, above all等。

(7)表明汇总的连词:in a word, on the whole, in short, briefly, in brief, to sum up, in all等。

(二)衔接词

一、表示时间的

af first 最初、next 接下去、then 随后、after that 那以后、later 之后、soon 没多久、soon/shortly after ……以后没多久、finally 最终、in the end 最终、eventually 最后、at last 总算、lately 近期、recently 近期 、since then 自从那以后、after that 那以后、in no time 不一会儿、after a while 一会儿、afterward 之后、 to begin/start with=in the first place 最先、第一点、immediately 马上、立刻、meanwhile=in the meantime=at the same time 在这段时间、另外、earlier, until now 直到如今、suddenly=all of a sudden 忽然、as a young man 当…… 是个年青人的情况下、at the age of… 在……岁的情况下、as early as 早……的情况下、as soon as 一……就……、before, the other day 几日前、early in the morning 一大早 、after/before dark 天黑了后/前、

one day 有一天、one afternoon 一天中午、one morning 一天早上

2、表明室内空间的

to the right/left 朝右/左、on the rinht/left 在右/左侧、in the middle of 在中间、in front of 在前面 、in the front of 在前面、at the back of 在后面、at the bottom of 在底端、on the edge of 在……的旁边 、on top of 在……的顶端、opposite to 与……相对性、close to 挨近、near to 在……周边 、next to 与……邻近、under 竖直在下、over 竖直在上、below 在正下方、above 在上边、across 在……的另一边、around 在周边、behind 后面、before 在前、against 依靠、抵着、further on 再向前

3、表明例举和时钟频率

first, second, third…finally

firstly, secondly, thirdly…finally

first of all, next then, lastly

for one thing…for another…

at the same time

at first

at last

4、表明例举

for example 比如:……

namely 即……

for instance 比如:……

that is (to say) 换句话说

such as 如……

take…for example 拿……而言

like 像……

5、表明较为或比照

like 像

unlike 不象

similarly 一样地

in the same way 以同样的方法

compared to 与……对比

while 而

still=nevertheless 殊不知

on the contrary 正相反

different from 与……不一样

on (the) one hand…on the other hand 一方面……另一方面

in contrast with 与……成比照

6、表明增选

and 并且

both…and 不仅……并且

not only…but also 不仅……并且

as well as 不仅……并且

also=besides=furthermore=more over 除此之外、并且

in addition 而且

apart from 除开……以外

what's more 并且、更关键的

for another 另一方面

worse still=what's worse=to make matter worse 更槽糕的是

including 包含

7、表明因果关系

because 由于、since 即然、as 因为、now that 即然、therefore 因而、 thus 那样、so 因此 、as a result (of) 結果、because of=on account of 由于、 thanks to 幸亏、for this reason 因为这一缘故、 if so 假如那样、 if not 要不是那样

8、表明目地

for this purpose

in order to do

so as to do

so that…

in order that…

9、表明妥协

though/although

no matter 一般疑问句

in spite of

whatever/however/whoever

even if/ even though

10、表明层递或注重

besides 更何况

what's more 更关键地是

thus 那样

above all 最先

indeed 确实

in fact/ as a matter of fact 实际上

in other words 也就是说

in that case 这样的话

or rather 更准确地说

particularly 尤其地

11、表明转折点

but 可是

still 殊不知

however 殊不知

while 而

12、表明汇总

in a/one word 简而言之、一句话、总而言之

generally speaking 一般说来

in short=in a few words 简而言之

in conclusion=lastly 最终地

on the whole=taking everything into consideration 从整体看来、大致

so 因此

therefore 因而

thus 那样

as has been mentioned 如同所提及的

it is quite clear that 很显而易见

there is no doubt that 不容置疑

it is well-known that 大家都了解

as we all know=as is known

to us all 大家都了解

as/so far as I know 根据我所知道

to sum up=to summarize=in summary 总而言之

13、表明转折点话题讨论

by the way 顺带说

I am afraid 我也许

in my opinion 依我看来

to tell the truth 说真话

to be honest 诚信地说

in face 实际上

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