(一) 连词
(1)表挑选关联或对等关系的连词:either…or…,neither…nor, or, as well as…, and, both…and…。
(2)表逻辑关系或对等关系的连词:therefore, so, as a result, as the result of …,because of, due to …,owing to, thanks to等。
(3)表先后顺序的连词:the moment, as soon as, at first, then, later, meanwhile, at the beginning, in the end, before long, for the first(second…)time, the minute等。
(4)表转折关系的连词:yet, and yet, but , while, on the contrary, on the other hand, however, at the same time(殊不知)等。
(5)表解释说明的连词:that is, that is to say, in other words, such as, for instance, and so on, etc. and the like等。
(6)表递进关系的连词:not only…but (also), what,s more, what's worse, besides, in addition, worse still, moreover, above all等。
(7)表明汇总的连词:in a word, on the whole, in short, briefly, in brief, to sum up, in all等。
(二)衔接词
一、表示时间的
af first 最初、next 接下去、then 随后、after that 那以后、later 之后、soon 没多久、soon/shortly after ……以后没多久、finally 最终、in the end 最终、eventually 最后、at last 总算、lately 近期、recently 近期 、since then 自从那以后、after that 那以后、in no time 不一会儿、after a while 一会儿、afterward 之后、 to begin/start with=in the first place 最先、第一点、immediately 马上、立刻、meanwhile=in the meantime=at the same time 在这段时间、另外、earlier, until now 直到如今、suddenly=all of a sudden 忽然、as a young man 当…… 是个年青人的情况下、at the age of… 在……岁的情况下、as early as 早……的情况下、as soon as 一……就……、before, the other day 几日前、early in the morning 一大早 、after/before dark 天黑了后/前、
one day 有一天、one afternoon 一天中午、one morning 一天早上
2、表明室内空间的
to the right/left 朝右/左、on the rinht/left 在右/左侧、in the middle of 在中间、in front of 在前面 、in the front of 在前面、at the back of 在后面、at the bottom of 在底端、on the edge of 在……的旁边 、on top of 在……的顶端、opposite to 与……相对性、close to 挨近、near to 在……周边 、next to 与……邻近、under 竖直在下、over 竖直在上、below 在正下方、above 在上边、across 在……的另一边、around 在周边、behind 后面、before 在前、against 依靠、抵着、further on 再向前
3、表明例举和时钟频率
first, second, third…finally
firstly, secondly, thirdly…finally
first of all, next then, lastly
for one thing…for another…
at the same time
at first
at last
4、表明例举
for example 比如:……
namely 即……
for instance 比如:……
that is (to say) 换句话说
such as 如……
take…for example 拿……而言
like 像……
5、表明较为或比照
like 像
unlike 不象
similarly 一样地
in the same way 以同样的方法
compared to 与……对比
while 而
still=nevertheless 殊不知
on the contrary 正相反
different from 与……不一样
on (the) one hand…on the other hand 一方面……另一方面
in contrast with 与……成比照
6、表明增选
and 并且
both…and 不仅……并且
not only…but also 不仅……并且
as well as 不仅……并且
also=besides=furthermore=more over 除此之外、并且
in addition 而且
apart from 除开……以外
what's more 并且、更关键的
for another 另一方面
worse still=what's worse=to make matter worse 更槽糕的是
including 包含
7、表明因果关系
because 由于、since 即然、as 因为、now that 即然、therefore 因而、 thus 那样、so 因此 、as a result (of) 結果、because of=on account of 由于、 thanks to 幸亏、for this reason 因为这一缘故、 if so 假如那样、 if not 要不是那样
8、表明目地
for this purpose
in order to do
so as to do
so that…
in order that…
9、表明妥协
though/although
no matter 一般疑问句
in spite of
whatever/however/whoever
even if/ even though
10、表明层递或注重
besides 更何况
what's more 更关键地是
thus 那样
above all 最先
indeed 确实
in fact/ as a matter of fact 实际上
in other words 也就是说
in that case 这样的话
or rather 更准确地说
particularly 尤其地
11、表明转折点
but 可是
still 殊不知
however 殊不知
while 而
12、表明汇总
in a/one word 简而言之、一句话、总而言之
generally speaking 一般说来
in short=in a few words 简而言之
in conclusion=lastly 最终地
on the whole=taking everything into consideration 从整体看来、大致
so 因此
therefore 因而
thus 那样
as has been mentioned 如同所提及的
it is quite clear that 很显而易见
there is no doubt that 不容置疑
it is well-known that 大家都了解
as we all know=as is known
to us all 大家都了解
as/so far as I know 根据我所知道
to sum up=to summarize=in summary 总而言之
13、表明转折点话题讨论
by the way 顺带说
I am afraid 我也许
in my opinion 依我看来
to tell the truth 说真话
to be honest 诚信地说
in face 实际上
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